File:Northwestern Europe at night by VIIRS.jpg
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摘要
描述Northwestern Europe at night by VIIRS.jpg |
Billions of people will see London through many different filters and lenses during the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. None of those views will look quite like this one from the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite. The image above shows London and the southern half of Great Britain as it appeared on the night of March 27, 2012. While most of the events in the 2012 Olympics will be held in the greater London area, several other cities and towns will host events, including: canoeing at Lee Valley White Water Center; sailing in Weymouth and Portland; rowing and canoeing at Eton Dorney; and cycling and mountain bike events at Hadleigh Farm. The image was acquired by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on Suomi NPP, which includes a “day-night band” similar to images collected by the Operational Linescan System (OLS) flown on U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites. The day-night band observes light in a range of wavelengths from green to near-infrared, and uses light intensification to enable the detection of dim signals, according to Chris Elvidge, who leads the Earth Observation Group at NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center and works on the VIIRS team. “In wavelength-speak, the range for visible light is about 400 (blue light) to 700 (red light) nanometers, and the day/night band’s sensitivity is 500 to 900 nanometers,” said Steve Miller, a researcher in the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere at Colorado State University. “There are a lot of satellites up there with sensitivity to this same range, but the special thing about the day/night band is its high sensitivity to very low amounts of this light. It can sense light 100,000 times fainter than the conventional visible light sensors. That makes it very sensitive to things like moonlight, city lights, among many other things.” The night views of Earth are more than just a novelty. “Nightime lights are the least ambiguous remote sensing observation indicating the presence and magnitude of human activities and the density of development,” said Elvidge. Seeing Earth’s night lighting has practical applications in studying human populations, economic activity, habitat fragmentation and encroachment, and energy use. “We can actually look at cities and tell you how much energy is emanating from them,” Miller added, “something pretty useful for energy consumption studies.” Other scientists use the nighttime views to choose sites for astronomical observatories, study the impact of nocturnal lighting, and to monitor power outages and natural disasters. In meteorology, the combination of VIIRS nighttime views and thermal imaging is valuable for things like differentiating high clouds from low clouds from fog banks. Suomi NPP was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base on October 28, 2011, and is the result of a partnership between NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the Department of Defense. Editor's Note: The lights in the Irish Sea, the English Channel, and the North Sea are likely a blend of fishing vessels and flares from offshore oil and gas platforms. NASA Earth Observatory image by Jesse Allen and Robert Simmon, using VIIRS Day Night Band and MODIS Blue Marble data. Caption by Michael Carlowicz. Instrument: Suomi NPP - VIIRS www.earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=78674 |
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來源 | London, United Kingdom | |||
作者 | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center from Greenbelt, MD, USA | |||
其他版本 |
Derivative works of this file: Northwestern Europe at night by VIIRS cropped marking Calais.jpg
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這幅圖片原始出處為Flickr的https://www.flickr.com/photos/24662369@N07/7651141714 ,作者為NASA Goddard Photo and Video 。經機器人FlickreviewR在2012年8月17日審查後確定為採用cc-by-2.0的協議授權使用。 |
2012年8月17日
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
本作品由NASA創作,屬於公有領域。根據NASA的版權政策:“NASA的創作除非另有聲明否則不受版權保護。”(參見:Template:PD-USGov/zh,NASA版權政策或JPL圖像使用政策) | ||
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創作作者 Chinese (Hong Kong) (已轉換拼寫)
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共享創意署名2.0通用版 Chinese (Hong Kong) (已轉換拼寫)
27 3 2012
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目前 | 2012年8月17日 (五) 19:45 | 2,000 × 2,000(1.3 MB) | Werieth | == {{int:filedesc}} == {{Information |Description=Billions of people will see London through many different filters and lenses during the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. None of those views will look quite like this one from the Suomi National... |
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寬度 | 2,000 px |
高度 | 2,000 px |
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壓縮方式 | LZW |
像素合成 | RGB |
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像素數量 | 3 |
水平解析度 | 100 dpi |
垂直解析度 | 100 dpi |
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使用軟體 | Adobe Photoshop CS5 Macintosh |
檔案修改日期時間 | 2012年7月24日 (二) 11:23 |
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數位化的日期時間 | 2012年7月18日 (三) 06:58 |
詮釋資料最後修改日期 | 2012年7月24日 (二) 07:23 |
緊急性 | 1 |
原始文件唯一識別碼 | xmp.did:F77F11740720681195FEB9232257950F |
IIM 版本 | 4 |