氢吗啡酮

氢吗啡酮
臨床資料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Dilaudid, Palladone, others
其他名稱	Dihydromorphinone
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682013
核准狀況	美 DailyMed: Hydromorphone;
懷孕分級	澳: C ; ;
依賴性	High
成癮性	High
给药途径	By mouth, intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous
藥物類別（英语：Drug class）	Opioid
ATC碼	N02AA03 (WHO) ;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	澳：受管控（S8）; 加：Schedule I; 德：Anlage III; NZ：Class B; 英：Class A Controlled Drug: Schedule II; 美：附表II; UN：Narcotic Schedule I;
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度	By mouth: 30–35%, Intranasal: 52–58%, IV/IM: 100%
血漿蛋白結合率	20%
药物代谢	肝
藥效起始時間（英语：Onset of action）	15-30分钟
生物半衰期	2–3 hours
作用時間	4 to 5 hrs
排泄途徑	Kidney
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 4,5-α-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl morphinan-6-one; ;
CAS号	466-99-9
PubChem CID	5284570;
IUPHAR/BPS	7082;
DrugBank	DB00327 ;
ChemSpider	4447624 ;
UNII	Q812464R06;
KEGG	D08047 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:5790 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL398707 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID8023133 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.006.713
化学信息
化学式	C17H19NO3
摩尔质量	285.34 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
水溶性	HCl salt: 333
	SMILES O=C4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1O)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@H]3CC4)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H19NO3/c1-18-7-6-17-10-3-5-13(20)16(17)21-15-12(19)4-2-9(14(15)17)8-11(10)18/h2,4,10-11,16,19H,3,5-8H2,1H3/t10-,11+,16-,17-/m0/s1 ; Key:WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-N ;

氢吗啡酮（英語：hydromorphone，也称为二氢吗啡酮，dihydromorphinone，商品名：Dilaudid）是一种含氮有机化合物，化学式C₁₇H₁₉NO₃，是一种用于缓解中度至重度疼痛的吗啡喃類阿片药物^[5]。

該藥物通常用於緩解癌症導致的劇痛，以口服或靜脈、肌肉、皮下注射施用，藥效在施用後30分鐘作用，可持續5小時左右。哺乳或懷孕者禁用本藥。該藥物列名世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单^[8]。在2021年，該藥物名列美國最常處方藥排名第261名。

参考文献

^ Hydromorphone Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 19 November 2019 [16 May 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-26）.
^ Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [2024-02-12]. ISBN 9781455701506. （原始内容存档于2023-01-10）（英语）.
^ Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [20 August 2019]. ISBN 9781455701506. （原始内容存档于10 January 2023）.
^ Coda BA, Rudy AC, Archer SM, Wermeling DP. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy volunteers. Anesthesia and Analgesia. July 2003, 97 (1): 117–23, table of contents. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.551.6509 . PMID 12818953. S2CID 22694749. doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000066311.40978.4F.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [15 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-01）（英语）.
^ Vallner JJ, Stewart JT, Kotzan JA, Kirsten EB, Honigberg IL. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydromorphone following intravenous and oral administration to human subjects. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. April 1981, 21 (4): 152–156. PMID 6165742. S2CID 29864565. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb05693.x.
^ Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control]. Diário Oficial da União. 31 March 2023 (4 April 2023) [16 August 2023]. （原始内容存档于3 August 2023）（巴西葡萄牙语）.
^ World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. hdl:10665/371090 . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.

外部链接

Article discussing withdrawal of extended-release hydromorphone from the U.S. market （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Dihydromorphinones from morphine & analogues （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
United States DEA's perspective, including statistics on manufacture and prescription levels from 1998 to 2006
"When is a pain doctor a drug pusher?" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, The New York Times, 17 June 2007

[Drugs.com_pregnancy-1] Hydromorphone Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 19 November 2019 [16 May 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-26）.

[2] Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [2024-02-12]. ISBN 9781455701506. （原始内容存档于2023-01-10）（英语）.

[3] Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [20 August 2019]. ISBN 9781455701506. （原始内容存档于10 January 2023）.

[pmid12818953-4] Coda BA, Rudy AC, Archer SM, Wermeling DP. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy volunteers. Anesthesia and Analgesia. July 2003, 97 (1): 117–23, table of contents. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.551.6509 . PMID 12818953. S2CID 22694749. doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000066311.40978.4F.

[AHFS2019-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [15 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-01）（英语）.

[pmid6165742-6] Vallner JJ, Stewart JT, Kotzan JA, Kirsten EB, Honigberg IL. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydromorphone following intravenous and oral administration to human subjects. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. April 1981, 21 (4): 152–156. PMID 6165742. S2CID 29864565. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb05693.x.

[7] Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control]. Diário Oficial da União. 31 March 2023 (4 April 2023) [16 August 2023]. （原始内容存档于3 August 2023）（巴西葡萄牙语）.

[WHO23rd-8] World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. hdl:10665/371090 . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.

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