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氫嗎啡酮

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氫嗎啡酮
Structural formula of hydromorphone
Space-filling model of hydromorphone
臨床資料
商品名英語Drug nomenclatureDilaudid, Palladone, others
其他名稱Dihydromorphinone
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682013
核准狀況
懷孕分級
依賴性High[2]
成癮性High[3]
給藥途徑By mouth, intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous
藥物類別英語Drug classOpioid
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度By mouth: 30–35%, Intranasal: 52–58%,[4] IV/IM: 100%
血漿蛋白結合率20%
藥物代謝
藥效起始時間英語Onset of action15-30分鐘[5]
生物半衰期2–3 hours[6]
作用時間4 to 5 hrs[5]
排泄途徑Kidney
識別資訊
  • 4,5-α-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl morphinan-6-one
CAS號466-99-9  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英語CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.006.713 編輯維基數據鏈接
化學資訊
化學式C17H19NO3
摩爾質量285.34 g·mol−1
3D模型(JSmol英語JSmol
水溶性HCl salt: 333
  • O=C4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1O)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@H]3CC4)C
  • InChI=1S/C17H19NO3/c1-18-7-6-17-10-3-5-13(20)16(17)21-15-12(19)4-2-9(14(15)17)8-11(10)18/h2,4,10-11,16,19H,3,5-8H2,1H3/t10-,11+,16-,17-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-N checkY

氫嗎啡酮(英語:hydromorphone,也稱為二氫嗎啡酮,dihydromorphinone,商品名:Dilaudid)是一種含氮有機化合物,化學式C17H19NO3,是一種用於緩解中度至重度疼痛嗎啡喃類阿片藥物[5]

該藥物通常用於緩解癌症導致的劇痛,以口服或靜脈、肌肉、皮下注射施用,藥效在施用後30分鐘作用,可持續5小時左右。哺乳或懷孕者禁用本藥。該藥物列名世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單[8]。在2021年,該藥物名列美國最常處方藥排名第261名。

參考文獻

[編輯]
  1. ^ Hydromorphone Use During Pregnancy. Drugs.com. 19 November 2019 [16 May 2020]. (原始內容存檔於2020-11-26). 
  2. ^ Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [2024-02-12]. ISBN 9781455701506. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-10) (英語). 
  3. ^ Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E. Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 571 [20 August 2019]. ISBN 9781455701506. (原始內容存檔於10 January 2023). 
  4. ^ Coda BA, Rudy AC, Archer SM, Wermeling DP. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy volunteers. Anesthesia and Analgesia. July 2003, 97 (1): 117–23, table of contents. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.551.6509可免費查閱. PMID 12818953. S2CID 22694749. doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000066311.40978.4F. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [15 April 2019]. (原始內容存檔於2019-06-01) (英語). 
  6. ^ Vallner JJ, Stewart JT, Kotzan JA, Kirsten EB, Honigberg IL. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydromorphone following intravenous and oral administration to human subjects. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. April 1981, 21 (4): 152–156. PMID 6165742. S2CID 29864565. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb05693.x. 
  7. ^ Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control]. Diário Oficial da União. 31 March 2023 (4 April 2023) [16 August 2023]. (原始內容存檔於3 August 2023) (巴西葡萄牙語). 
  8. ^ World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. hdl:10665/371090可免費查閱. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02. 

外部連結

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