琉璃蚁亚科
琉璃蚁亚科
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| Iridomyrmex purpureus 取食蜂蜜' | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
| 纲： | 昆虫纲 Insecta |
| 目： | 膜翅目 Hymenoptera |
| 科： | 蚁科 Formicidae |
| 亚科： | 琉璃蚁亚科 Dolichoderinae |
| 模式属 | |
| Dolichoderus Lund, 1831
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| 多样性[1] | |
| 48属 | |
琉璃蚁亚科（Dolichoderinae）隶属于蚁科，其物种包含阿根廷蚁（Argentine ant "Linepithema humile"）、erratic ant、odorous house ant 及 cone ant 等，该亚科物种多样性高，广布全世界，分布于各个不同的生物地理区，如古北区、新北区、衣索比亚区、马来西亚、中东、澳洲及新热带区等[2]。
该亚科特征有：腹柄节单节、腹部末端裂缝状的孔，可分泌化学物质，不同于山蚁亚科圆形且生有环状毛列的酸孔。琉璃蚁亚科不像针蚁亚科或家蚁亚科一样具有螫针，他们依靠腹部末端的腺体分泌化学物质御敌[3]。
琉璃蚁亚科分泌的化学物质中包含多种萜类化合物，如iridomyrmecin、isoiridomyrmecin 及 iridodial[4]。琉璃蚁亚科的物种被压碎或是被骚扰时发出的气味就是来自于上述的化学物质。
族与属
[编辑]- 点琉璃蚁族 Bothriomyrmecini Dubovikov, 2005
- Arnoldius Dubovikov, 2005
- 点琉璃蚁属 Bothriomyrmex Emery, 1869
- Chronoxenus Santschi, 1919
- Loweriella Shattuck, 1992
- Ravavy Fisher, 2009
- 琉璃蚁族 Dolichoderini Forel, 1878
- 琉璃蚁属 Dolichoderus Lund, 1831
- Leptomyrmecini Emery, 1913
- Anillidris Santschi, 1936
- Anonychomyrma Donisthorpe, 1947
- Azteca Forel, 1878
- †Chronomyrmex McKellar, Glasier & Engel, 2013
- Doleromyrma Forel, 1907
- Dorymyrmex Mayr, 1866
- Forelius Emery, 1888
- Froggattella Forel, 1902
- Gracilidris Wild & Cuezzo, 2006
- 虹琉璃蚁属 Iridomyrmex Mayr, 1862
- Leptomyrmex Mayr, 1862
- Linepithema Mayr, 1866
- Nebothriomyrmex Dubovikov, 2004
- 管琉璃蚁属 Ochetellus Shattuck, 1992
- Papyrius Shattuck, 1992
- Philidris Shattuck, 1992
- Turneria Forel, 1895
- †Usomyrma Dlussky, Radchenko & Dubovikoff, 2014
- 慌琉璃蚁族 Tapinomini Emery, 1913
- Aptinoma Fisher, 2009
- Axinidris Weber, 1941
- †Ctenobethylus Brues, 1939
- Ecphorella Forel, 1909
- Liometopum Mayr, 1861
- 慌琉璃蚁属 Tapinoma Förster, 1850
- 扁琉璃蚁属 Technomyrmex Mayr, 1872
- 地位未定 incertae sedis
- †Alloiomma Zhang, 1989
- †Asymphylomyrmex Wheeler, 1915
- †Elaeomyrmex Carpenter, 1930
- †Elaphrodites Zhang, 1989
- †Eldermyrmex Heterick & Shattuck, 2011
- †Emplastus Donisthorpe, 1920
- †Eotapinoma Dlussky, 1988
- †Eurymyrmex Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994
- †Kotshkorkia Dlussky, 1981
- †Ktunaxia Lapolla & Greenwalt, 2015
- †Leptomyrmula Emery, 1913
- †Miomyrmex Carpenter, 1930
- †Petraeomyrmex Carpenter, 1930
- †Proiridomyrmex Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
- †Protazteca Carpenter, 1930
- †Yantaromyrmex Dlussky & Dubovikoff, 2013
- †Zherichinius Dlussky, 1988
延伸阅读
[编辑]参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Bolton, B. Dolichoderinae. AntCat. 2015 [4 January 2015].
- ^ Cardoso, D.; Cristiano, M. P.; Barros, L. S.; Lopes, D.; Pompolo, S. First cytogenetic characterization of a species of the arboreal ant genus Azteca Forel, 1978 (Dolichoderinae, Formicidae). Comparative Cytogenetics. 2012, 6 (2): 107. doi:10.3897/CompCytogen.v6i2.2397.
- ^ Fisher, Brian L. and Stefan P. Cover (2007) Ants of North America: a guide to the genera
- ^ Wilson, E. O.; Pavan, M. Glandular Sources and Specificity of Some Chemical Releasers of Social Behavior in Dolichoderine Ants. Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 1959, 66 (4): 70. doi:10.1155/1959/45675.
