小舌形貝屬
小舌形貝屬 | |
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| Lingulella caelata | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 腕足動物門 Brachiopoda |
| 綱： | 舌形貝綱 Lingulata |
| 目： | 舌形貝目 Lingulida |
| 科： | †圓貨貝科 Obolidae |
| 亞科： | †小舌形貝亞科 Lingulenae |
| 屬： | †小舌形貝屬 Lingulella Salter, 1886 |
| 模式種 | |
| Lingulella davisii[1] McCoy, 1851
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| 種 | |
小舌形貝屬（學名：Lingulella）是圓貨貝科下已滅絕的一個屬，生存在寒武紀至泥盆紀的海洋中，屬於較早期的腕足動物，行沙底掘穴或附生於伊爾東缽等浮游生物的方式生活。本屬化石廣見於世界各地寒武紀至中奧陶世的地層中[2]，如加拿大中寒武世伯吉斯頁岩和美國上奧陶統布羅米德群等。[3][4]
特徵
[編輯]這種腕足動物的體型較小，殼瓣雙凸狀，凸起平緩，呈長卵形、闊卵形或近三角形，殼體薄，由磷酸鹽類組成[5]，前緣一般呈寬圓狀，朝殼喙方向逐漸縮小，殼喙位於假鉸合面邊緣。兩瓣殼近相等，腹殼稍長且假鉸合面高，在假鉸合面頂端長有肉莖管。腹殼內可見盾狀肌肉瘢痕區，頂肌痕呈心形，中央肌痕則呈小的三角形，後側肌痕不明。背殼內有時可見一條狹窄的中脊。殼表面有同心狀飾紋，內層殼有放散狀花紋。[2]
物種
[編輯]- Lingulella agaue Mergl & Kordule, 2008
- Lingulella alabamensis
- Lingulella alata Holmer, 1989
- Lingulella alia
- Lingulella allani Walcott, 1912
- Lingulella amabilis Reed, 1917
- Lingulella angustata
- Lingulella angustior Reed, 1917
- Lingulella antiquissima Jeremejew, 1856
- Lingulella arachne Barrande, 1879
- Lingulella arctica Walcott, 1924
- Lingulella arguta
- Lingulella augusta
- Lingulella afga
- Lingulella bella
- Lingulella bellisculpta Clark, 1935
- Lingulella bohemica Koliha, 1921
- Lingulella borealis
- Lingulella brainerdi
- Lingulella brevis Portlock, 1843
- Lingulella bridgei
- Lingulella bukovensis Koliha, 1924
- Lingulella burnetensis
- Lingulella buttsi
- Lingulella bynguanoensis Roberts, 1990
- Lingulella caelata
- Lingulella carrickensis Reed, 1917
- Lingulella chapa
- 澄江小舌形貝 Lingulella chengjiangensis Jin, Hou & Wang, 1993
- Lingulella chinchiaensis Kobayashi, 1933
- Lingulella chinensis
- Lingulella chuarensis
- Lingulella circa Xu & Liu, 1984
- Lingulella clarkei
- Lingulella clivosa Pelman, 1983
- Lingulella clochensis?
- Lingulella columba
- Lingulella concinna
- Lingulella corralensis Rusconi, 1950?
- Lingulella damesi
- Lingulella davisii McCoy, 1851
- Lingulella decorticata
- Lingulella delgadoi
- Lingulella derwentii Postlethwaite, 1897
- Lingulella desiderata
- Lingulella dimorpha
- Lingulella displosa Williams 1974
- Lingulella dotensis Kobayashi, 1934
- Lingulella dusaaulti Patte, 1929
- Lingulella dzhavodiensis Sobolev, 1975
- Lingulella elata Pelman, 1986
- Lingulella ellsi
- Lingulella endopunctata
- Lingulella eucharis Resser, 1939
- Lingulella euglypha
- Lingulella exilis
- Lingulella exortiva
- Lingulella expulsa Barrande, 1879
- Lingulella fenxiangensis Wang, 1978
- Lingulella ferox
- Lingulella ferruginea Salter in Salter & Hicks, 1867
- Lingulella fostermontensis
- Lingulella franklinensis
- Lingulella galba
- Lingulella genei
- Lingulella glypta
- Lingulella grandis
- Lingulella granvillensis
- Lingulella haimantensis
- Lingulella halei
- Lingulella hatai
- Lingulella havliceki Mergl & Slehoferova, 1990
- Lingulella hayaeri
- Lingulella hayesi
- Lingulella hesperia Williams & Curry, 1985
- Lingulella hilli
- Lingulella hinganensis Su, 1980
- Lingulella hitka
- Lingulella howardi Postlethwaite, 1897
- Lingulella hsiensis
- Lingulella humaensis Su, 1980
- Lingulella huronensis
- Lingulella ibicus
- Lingulella idahoensis Resser, 1938
- Lingulella iddingsi
- Lingulella ino
- Lingulella insons Barr.
- Lingulella intermedia Liu, Zhu & Xue, 1985
- Lingulella irene
- Lingulella iris
- Lingulella jakutensis
- Lingulella jerseyensis
- Lingulella kalpinensis Zhang, 1981
- Lingulella kanabensis Resser, 1945
- Lingulella kanlingensis Zhang, 1981
- Lingulella kayseri Sun, 1923
- Lingulella kiddoi
- Lingulella kingstonensis
- Lingulella kitatiensis Aksarina, 1978
- Lingulella lasherensis Rusconi, 1951
- Lingulella lata Koliha, 1924
- Lingulella lepis Salter, 1866
- Lingulella libecovensis Koliha, 1918
- Lingulella lineolata
- Lingulella linguata Pelman, 1977
- Lingulella lirata
- Lingulella lithuanica Korkutis, 1971
- Lingulella liui
- Lingulella lochmanae
- Lingulella longa
- Lingulella longula
- Lingulella major Teixeira, Ribeiro & Silva, 1964
- Lingulella manchuriensis
- Lingulella mania
- Lingulella manticula
- Lingulella marcia Walcott, 1911
- Lingulella martillensis Rusconi, 1952
- Lingulella matthewi Koliha, 1921
- Lingulella mcconnelli Walcott, 1889
- Lingulella mechos/nechos
- Lingulella mehaeigueni Legrand, 1974
- Lingulella miltoni
- Lingulella minus
- Lingulella minuscula Sobolev, 1975
- Lingulella modesta Lochman, 1940
- Lingulella montana Fenton & Fenton, 1936
- Lingulella monticola
- Lingulella moosensis<
- Lingulella morsei
- Lingulella mosia
- Lingulella murcia var. templetonensis Chapman, 1929
- Lingulella narrawayi
- Lingulella nepos
- Lingulella nerva
- Lingulella nicholsoni Callaway, 1877
- Lingulella nina
- Lingulella nicholsoni Callaway, 1877
- Lingulella paliformis
- Lingulella parvula
- Lingulella pela densis Rusconi, 1951
- Lingulella pennsylvanica
- Lingulella perattenuata
- Lingulella petalon Davidson, 1868
- Lingulella pingchouensis
- Lingulella pingchouensis
- Lingulella proveedorensis Cooper, 1952/1954
- Lingulella putilla
- Lingulella quadrilateralis
- Lingulella quaestor Reed, 1917
- Lingulella raymondi Clark, 1924
- Lingulella remius/remus
- Lingulella reticulata
- Lingulella rideauensis
- Lingulella rotunda Pelman, 1977
- Lingulella rugosilinea
- Lingulella sanfangensis
- Lingulella sculptilis
- Lingulella sequens
- Lingulella shansiensis
- Lingulella siliqua
- Lingulella silurica Yadrenkina, 1986
- Lingulella solitariensis Rusconi, 1950
- Lingulella spicata
- Lingulella spitiensis
- Lingulella stonei
- Lingulella ubdivisa Rusconi, 1950
- Lingulella subfusula Su, 1980
- Lingulella subparallela
- Lingulella sufi Mergl & Slehoferova, 1990
- Lingulella sulcata Barrande, 1879
- Lingulella taijiangensis Huang, Wang, Zhao & Dai, 1994
- Lingulella takayamai
- Lingulella tangshihensias
- Lingulella tarpa
- Lingulella tenuitesta
- Lingulella terranovica Howell, 1943
- Lingulella texana
- Lingulella texana
- Lingulella thems mckeei Resser, 1945
- Lingulella tomkolensis Kobayashi, 1934
- Lingulella tsuchidai
- Lingulella turneri
- Lingulella variabilis Pelman, 1977
- Lingulella variolata
- Lingulella vermontensis
- Lingulella virginiensis
- Lingulella viridis Cobbold, 1921
- Lingulella wanniecki
- Lingulella waptaensis
- Lingulella welleri
- Lingulella wirthi
- Lingulella wongi
- Lingulella yabei
- Lingulella yingtzuensie Kobayashi, 1931
- Lingulella yongchengensis Zeng, 1977
- Lingulella yuechiensis Xu, 1978
- Lingulella zejszneri Bednarczyk, 1960
- Lingulella zetus
- Lingulella zeus
- Lingulella zulupeana Rusconi, 1954
重新分配的物種
[編輯]以下的物種現時已被置入其他屬。
- L. acuminata Walcott, 1908 = Lingulepis acuminata Conrad
- L. acuta Pelman, 1977
- L. acutangula = Lingulepis acutangulus Roemer, 1849
- L. africana Legrand, 1974
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ 1.0 1.1 Fossilworks: Lingulella. [2018-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2017-04-03） （英語）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 小舌形貝屬 - 教育百科. [2018-02-18] （中文）.
- ^ Amsden, T.W. Catalogue of Fossils from the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey, Circular 43. 1957
- ^ Byrnes, J.G. Notes on the Nature and Environmental Significance of the Receptaculitaceae. Lethaia, Vol. 1, pp. 368-381 (1968)
- ^ Pettersson Stolk, S.; Holmer, L. E.; Caron, J. B. First record of the brachiopod Lingulella waptaensis with pedicle from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. Acta Zoologica. 2010, 91: 150. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.2009.00394.x.