口蘑屬
口蘑屬
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|---|---|
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| Tricholoma flavovirens | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 真菌界 Fungi |
| 門： | 擔子菌門 Basidiomycota |
| 綱： | 傘菌綱 Agaricomycetes |
| 目： | 傘菌目 Agaricales |
| 科： | 口蘑科 Tricholomataceae |
| 屬： | 口蘑屬 Tricholoma Fries |
| 模式種 | |
| Tricholoma equestre | |
| 物種 | |
| 異名 | |
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口蘑屬（學名：Tricholoma）是傘菌目真菌一個散佈於全世界的屬，常見於樹林。這些外生菌根真菌，與各種針葉樹或闊葉樹有共生關係。本屬的學名源自希臘語的τριχος（trichos；毛髮）和λωμα（lōma；邊緣或邊界）[1]，儘管只有少數物種（例如Tricholoma vaccinum）具有符合此描述的型態。
下屬物種
[編輯]本屬包括以下物種：[2]
- Tricholoma abietinum Velen.
- 苦口蘑 Tricholoma acerbum (Bull.) Quél.，酸澀口蘑
- Tricholoma acicularum Velen.
- Tricholoma acutistramineum Corner
- Tricholoma aeruginascens Corner
- Tricholoma aestivum Velen.
- 夏口蘑 Tricholoma aestuans (Fr.) Gillet
- Tricholoma albatum Velen.
- Tricholoma albidulum N. Ayala, G. Moreno & Esteve-Rav.
- Tricholoma albidum Bon
- 白棕口蘑 Tricholoma albobrunneum (Pers.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma alboconicum (J.E. Lange) Clémençon
- Tricholoma alboluteum Velen.
- Tricholoma albosquamulatum Beeli
- 白口蘑 Tricholoma album (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma alpinum W.Aoki & A.Yamada[3]
- 阿爾泰口蘑 Tricholoma altaicum Singer
- Tricholoma amplum (Pers.) Rea
- Tricholoma anatolicum H.H. Doğan & Intini
- Tricholoma andinum E. Horak
- Tricholoma apium Jul. Schäff.
- Tricholoma argenteum Ovrebo
- 銀蓋口蘑 Tricholoma argyraceum (Bull.) Gillet
- Tricholoma argyropotamicum Speg.
- Tricholoma arvernense Bon
- Tricholoma atro-olivaceum Rick
- Tricholoma atrodiscus Ovrebo
- Tricholoma atroscriptum Corner
- 黑鱗口蘑 Tricholoma atrosquamosum Sacc.
- 黑鱗口蘑多鱗變種 Tricholoma atrosquamosum var. squarrulosum (Bres.) Mort. Chr. & Noordel. (≡Tricholoma squarrulosum Bres.)
- Tricholoma atroviolaceum A.H. Sm.
- 橙柄口蘑 Tricholoma aurantiipes Hongo
- Tricholoma aurantio-olivaceum A.H. Sm.
- 桔黃口蘑 Tricholoma aurantium (Schaeff.) Ricken
- Tricholoma austrocolossus Grgur.
- Tricholoma azalearum (Murrill) Murrill
- 假松口蘑 Tricholoma bakamatsutake Hongo，傻松口蘑
- Tricholoma baldratianum Sacc.
- 竹生口蘑 Tricholoma bambusarum Corner
- Tricholoma basirubens (Bon) A. Riva & Bon
- Tricholoma batschii Gulden ex Mort. Chr. & Noordel.
- Tricholoma betilonganum Corner
- Tricholoma bezdeki Velen.
- Tricholoma bisontinum Rolland
- Tricholoma bonii Basso & Candusso
- Tricholoma boreosulphurescens Mort. Chr. & Heilm.-Claus.
- Tricholoma borgsjoeense Jacobsson & Muskos
- Tricholoma borneomurinum Corner
- Tricholoma bresadolanum Clémençon
- Tricholoma brunneicirrus Corner
- Tricholoma brunneosquamosa Beeli
- Tricholoma bryogenum Mort. Chr., Heilm.-Claus. & Vauras
- Tricholoma bubalinum (G. Stev.) E. Horak
- Tricholoma bufonium (Pers.) Gillet
- Tricholoma bulliardii Velen.
- Tricholoma busuense Corner
- 布細口蘑 Tricholoma buzae Dennis
- 歐洲松口蘑 Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken
- Tricholoma carbonicum Velen.
- Tricholoma carneoflavidum (Kalchbr.) McAlpine
- Tricholoma cartilagineum (Bull.) Quél.
- Tricholoma catulus E.H.L. Krause
- Tricholoma cavipes Corner
- Tricholoma cedretorum (Bon) A. Riva
- Tricholoma cedrorum Maire
- Tricholoma ceriniceps Pegler
- Tricholoma cheilolaminum Ovrebo & Tylutki
- Tricholoma chrysophyllum A. Riva, C.E. Hermos. & Jul. Sánchez
- 囊口蘑 Tricholoma cifuentesii Courtec.
- 灰環口蘑 Tricholoma cingulatum (Almfelt ex Fr.) Jacobashch
- Tricholoma cinnamomeum (Murrill) Murrill
- Tricholoma clavipes Riedl
- Tricholoma clavocystis Musumeci & Contu
- Tricholoma coffeaceum Velen.
- Tricholoma collybiiformis Velen.
- 蜜環口蘑 Tricholoma colossus (Fr.) Quél.
- 銀白毛口蘑 Tricholoma columbetta (Fr.) P. Kumm.， 白毛口蘑
- Tricholoma concolor (Delile) P.-A. Moreau, Bellanger & Courtec.
- Tricholoma confragipes Iwade
- Tricholoma cookeanum Bertault & Malençon
- Tricholoma cordae Velen.
- Tricholoma cortinatellum Singer
- Tricholoma cortinatum Singer
- Tricholoma crenulatum Horniček
- Tricholoma crepidotoides Corner
- Tricholoma crucigerum (St.-Amans) Sacc. & Trotter
- Tricholoma cuneifoloides Arde
- Tricholoma cutifractum Corner
- Tricholoma cyclophilum (Lasch) Sacc. & Trotter
- Tricholoma czuicum (Singer) Singer
- Tricholoma dermolomoides Corner
- Tricholoma diabolicum Rick
- Tricholoma diemii Singer
- Tricholoma distantifoliaceum E. Ludw. & H. Willer
- Tricholoma distinguendum S. Lundell
- Tricholoma dulciolens Kytöv.
- Tricholoma duriusculum R. Schulz
- Tricholoma durum Velen.
- Tricholoma edentulum Velen.
- Tricholoma elegans G. Stev.
- Tricholoma elvirae Singer
- Tricholoma eosinobasis Babos, Bohus & Vasas
- 油口蘑 Tricholoma equestre (L.) P. Kumm.，油黃口蘑 (異名：Tricholoma auratum (Paulet) Gillet)
- 直柄口蘑 Tricholoma evenosum (Sacc.) Rea
- Tricholoma ezcarayense C.E. Hermos. & Jul. Sánchez
- Tricholoma fagineum Velen.
- Tricholoma fagnani Singer
- Tricholoma farinolens E. Horak
- Tricholoma ferrugineimelleum Corner
- Tricholoma fiherensis L.M. Dufour & H. Poiss.
- Tricholoma filamentosum (Alessio) Alessio
- Tricholoma fissilifolium Corner
- Tricholoma flammulaecolor Beeli
- Tricholoma flavifolium Velen.
- 油黃口蘑 Tricholoma flavum P. Kumm. 1871
- Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken
- Tricholoma foliicola Har. Takah.
- Tricholoma forteflavescens Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
- Tricholoma fracticum (Britzelm.) Kreisel
- Tricholoma fractipes Velen.
- Tricholoma frondosae Kalamees & Shchukin
- Tricholoma fucatum (Fr.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma fuegianum Courtec.
- Tricholoma fulvimarginatum Ovrebo & Halling
- 栗褐松口蘑 Tricholoma fulvocastaneum Hongo
- 黃褐口蘑 Tricholoma fulvum (DC.) Bigeard & H. Guill.
- Tricholoma fumidellum (Peck) Sacc.
- Tricholoma furcatifolium Corner
- Tricholoma fuscinanum Corner
- Tricholoma fusipes E. Horak
- Tricholoma fusisporum Singer
- Tricholoma gallaecicum (Blanco-Dios) Blanco-Dios
- Tricholoma gausapatum (Fr.) Quél.
- Tricholoma glareosum Velen.
- Tricholoma glatfelteri (Murrill) Murrill
- Tricholoma goliath (Fr.) S. Lundell & Nannf.
- Tricholoma goossensiae Beeli
- Tricholoma graminicola Velen.
- Tricholoma grande Peck
- Tricholoma granulosum Lebedeva
- Tricholoma griseipileatum Corner
- Tricholoma griseoviolaceum Shanks
- Tricholoma groanense Viola
- Tricholoma grossulariodorum E. Horak
- Tricholoma guldeniae Mort. Chr.
- Tricholoma hathorae Velen.
- Tricholoma hebeloma (Peck) Sacc.
- Tricholoma hebelomoides E. Horak
- Tricholoma hemisulphureum (Kühner) A. Riva ex Boffelli
- Tricholoma henningsii Sacc. & Trotter
- 高地口蘑 Tricholoma highlandense Zhu L. Yang, X.X. Ding, G. Kost & Rexer
- Tricholoma hirtellum Peck
- Tricholoma holici Velen.
- Tricholoma horakii Raithelh.
- Tricholoma hortorum Velen.
- Tricholoma humosum (P. Karst.) S. Imai
- Tricholoma huronense A.H. Sm.
- Tricholoma hygrophanum Velen.
- Tricholoma ilkkae Mort. Chr., Heilm.-Claus., Ryman & N. Bergius
- 鱗蓋口蘑 Tricholoma imbricatum (Fr.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma impudicum Velen.
- Tricholoma inamoenum (Fr.) Gillet
- Tricholoma inocyboides Corner
- 綠皮口蘑 Tricholoma inodermeum
- Tricholoma insigne Ovrebo
- Tricholoma intermedium Peck
- Tricholoma iputingaense Bat. & A.F. Vital
- Tricholoma jalapense (Murrill) Murrill
- Tricholoma jamaicense (Murrill) Murrill
- Tricholoma joachimii Bon & A. Riva
- Tricholoma josserandii Bon
- Tricholoma khakicolor Corner
- Tricholoma laricicola Velen.
- 草黃口蘑 Tricholoma lascivum (Fr.) Gillet
- Tricholoma latifolium Speg.
- 淡紫褶口蘑 Tricholoma lavendulophyllum F.Q. Yu
- Tricholoma leoninum Velen.
- Tricholoma leucophyllum Ovrebo & Tylutki
- Tricholoma leucoterreum Mariotto & Turetta
- Tricholoma lilacinocinereum Métrod ex Bon
- Tricholoma lobatum Velen.
- Tricholoma losii Kavina
- 棕黃褐口蘑 Tricholoma luridum (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma luteomaculosum A.H. Sm.
- Tricholoma maculatipus Hongo
- Tricholoma magellanicum (Speg.) Sacc.
- 美洲口蘑 Tricholoma magnivelare (Peck) Redhead
- Tricholoma manzanitae T.J. Baroni & Ovrebo
- Tricholoma marasmiforme Velen.
- Tricholoma margarita (Murrill) Murrill
- Tricholoma marquettense Ovrebo
- 松口蘑 Tricholoma matsutake (S. Ito & S. Imai) Singer (異名： Tricholoma zangii Z. M. Cao, Y.J. Yao & Pegler)
- 台灣松茸 Tricholoma matsutake formosana Sawada
- Tricholoma mauritianum Peerally & Sutra
- Tricholoma megaphyllum Boud.
- Tricholoma melleum Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
- Tricholoma mensula Corner
- Tricholoma meridianum A. Pearson
- Tricholoma mesoamericanum Justo & Cifuentes
- 密執根口蘑 Tricholoma michiganense A.H. Sm.
- Tricholoma microcarpoides Corner
- Tricholoma minutissimum Corner
- Tricholoma minutum Corner
- Tricholoma mnichovicense Velen.
- 蒙古口蘑 Tricholoma mongolicum S. Imai
- Tricholoma montis-fraseri Corner
- Tricholoma moseri Singer
- Tricholoma moserianum Bon
- Tricholoma mostnyae Singer
- Tricholoma multifolium (Murrill) Murrill
- Tricholoma multipunctum (Peck) Sacc.
- Tricholoma muricatum Shanks
- Tricholoma muscarioides Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
- 毒蠅口蘑 Tricholoma muscarium Kawam. ex Hongo
- Tricholoma muscorum Velen.
- Tricholoma mutabile Shanks
- Tricholoma naranjanum Dennis
- Tricholoma nigripes Velen.
- Tricholoma nigrum Shanks & Ovrebo
- Tricholoma niveipes Peck
- Tricholoma nobile Peck
- Tricholoma oblongisporum Bissett
- Tricholoma obscurum Velen.
- Tricholoma ochraceorobustum E. Horak
- Tricholoma odorimutabile Corner
- Tricholoma olens Velen.
- Tricholoma olgae Velen.
- Tricholoma olidum Velen.
- Tricholoma olivaceobrunneum Ovrebo
- Tricholoma olivaceoflavum (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
- Tricholoma olivaceoluteolum Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
- Tricholoma olivaceotinctum Heilm.-Claus. & Mort. Chr.
- Tricholoma olivaceum Reschke, Popa, Zhu L. Yang & G. Kost
- Tricholoma oliveum Farl. & Burt
- Tricholoma opiparum (Fr.) Bigeard & H. Guill.
- 粉褶口蘑 Tricholoma orirubens Quél.
- Tricholoma orlosii Pilát
- Tricholoma palustre A.H. Sm.
- Tricholoma pampeanum Speg.
- Tricholoma panicolor Corner
- Tricholoma pannonicum Bohus
- Tricholoma pardalotum Herink & Kotl.
- 豹斑口蘑 Tricholoma pardinum (Pers.) Quél.
- Tricholoma parvisporum Corner
- Tricholoma pascuum Velen.
- Tricholoma patagonicum Singer
- Tricholoma penangense Corner
- Tricholoma permelleum Corner
- Tricholoma persicinum (Fr.) Quél.
- 鏽色口蘑 Tricholoma pessundatum (Fr.) Quél.
- Tricholoma phoeniceum (P. Karst.) Singer
- Tricholoma piceum Velen.
- Tricholoma pilatii Velen.
- Tricholoma plagiotum (Kalchbr.) McAlpine
- 楊樹口蘑 Tricholoma populinum J. E. Lange
- Tricholoma porta-dalveyi Corner
- 灰褐口蘑 Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quél.，灰口蘑，灰褐紋口蘑
- Tricholoma praetervisum Velen.
- Tricholoma pratense Pegler & R.W. Rayner
- Tricholoma preslii Velen.
- Tricholoma primulibrunneum Corner
- 棘柄口蘑 Tricholoma psammopus (Kalchbr.) Quél.
- Tricholoma pseudoargyraceum Velen.
- Tricholoma pseudoimbricatum J.E. Lange & Terk.
- Tricholoma pseudolimacium Velen.
- Tricholoma pseudonictitans Bon
- Tricholoma pseudoputidum Velen.
- Tricholoma pseudorussula (Speg.) Sacc.
- Tricholoma pseudosaponaceum Hásek
- Tricholoma pullum Ovrebo
- Tricholoma pulverulentipes (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
- Tricholoma purpureiflavum Corner
- Tricholoma pusillisporum Speg.
- Tricholoma pygmaeum Velen.
- Tricholoma quercetorum Contu
- Tricholoma quercicola (Murrill) Murrill
- 假根口蘑 Tricholoma radicans Hongo
- Tricholoma radotinense Pilát & Charvát
- Tricholoma ramentaceum (Bull. ex Pers.) Ricken
- Tricholoma rapipes (Krombh.) Heilm.-Claus. & Mort. Chr.
- Tricholoma rauli Garrido
- Tricholoma rhizophoreti Corner
- Tricholoma rigidovelatum Raithelh.
- Tricholoma rimosoides Dennis
- Tricholoma robiniae Velen.
- 粗壯口蘑 Tricholoma robustum (Alb. & Schwein.) Ricken
- Tricholoma romagnesii Singer
- Tricholoma roseoacerbum A. Riva
- Tricholoma rostratum Velen.
- Tricholoma rubescens Velen.
- Tricholoma rufenum P. Donati
- Tricholoma rufulum R. Heim
- Tricholoma rugulicinctum Corner
- Tricholoma sanguinescens Velen.
- 皂膩口蘑 Tricholoma saponaceum (Fr.) P. Kumm.，皂味口蘑
- Tricholoma scabrum L.M. Dufour
- 雕紋口蘑 Tricholoma scalpturatum (Fr.) Quél.
- Tricholoma schustleri Velen.
- 褶緣黑點口蘑 Tricholoma sciodes (Pers.) C. Martín
- 黃綠口蘑 Tricholoma sejunctum (Sowerby) Quél.，絲蓋口蘑
- Tricholoma sericeum Rick
- Tricholoma sienna (Peck) Sacc.
- Tricholoma silvaticum Peck
- 新加坡口蘑 Tricholoma singaporense Corner
- Tricholoma sinoacerbum T.H. Li, Hosen & Ting Li
- Tricholoma sinopardinum Zhu L. Yang, X.X. Ding, G. Kost & Rexer[4]
- Tricholoma sinoportentosum Zhu L. Yang, Reschke, Popa & G. Kost
- Tricholoma smithii Ovrebo & K.W. Hughes
- Tricholoma solitarium (Alessio) Contu
- Tricholoma sparsifolium Velen.
- 蓋突口蘑 Tricholoma spermaticum
- Tricholoma sphagnicola Hruby
- Tricholoma spongiosum Petch
- Tricholoma stanekii Pilát
- 直立口蘑 Tricholoma stans (Fr.) Sacc.
- Tricholoma stiparophyllum (N. Lund) P. Karst.
- Tricholoma stipitirufescens Corner
- Tricholoma striatifolium (Peck) Sacc.
- 具紋口蘑 Tricholoma striatum (Schaeff.) Quél.
- Tricholoma subamarum Herp.
- Tricholoma subannulatum (Peck) Zeller
- Tricholoma subargillaceum (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
- Tricholoma subaureum Ovrebo
- Tricholoma subcerinum A.H. Sm.
- Tricholoma subcinerascens Rick
- Tricholoma subcinereiforme (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter
- Tricholoma subclytocybe Velen.
- Tricholoma subcuneifolium Corner
- Tricholoma subfuscum Velen.
- Tricholoma subglobisporum Bon
- Tricholoma subimbricatum Velen.
- Tricholoma sublatum Murrill
- Tricholoma subluteum Peck
- Tricholoma subniveum Velen.
- Tricholoma subresplendens (Murrill) Murrill
- 硫色口蘑 Tricholoma subsulphureum (Britzelm.) Sacc. & Traverso
- Tricholoma subumbrinum A.H. Sm.
- Tricholoma sudum (Fr.) Quél.
- Tricholoma sulcatum Velen.
- Tricholoma sulphurellum Rick
- Tricholoma sulphurescens Bres.
- Tricholoma sulphureum
- 硫色口蘑 Tricholoma sulphureum (Bull.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma tanzanianum Pegler
- Tricholoma tenacifolium Corner
- 纖細口蘑 Tricholoma tenue P.W. Graff
- 棕灰口蘑 Tricholoma terreum (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma testaceum G. Stev.
- Tricholoma thalliophilum Rob. Henry
- 虎斑口蘑 Tricholoma tigrinum (Schaeff.) Gillet
- Tricholoma transmutans (Peck) Sacc.
- Tricholoma tridentinum Singer
- Tricholoma triste (Scop.) Quél.
- Tricholoma tristiforme Kauffman
- 土庫曼口蘑 Tricholoma tucumanense Speg.
- Tricholoma tumidum (Pers.) P. Karst.
- Tricholoma turbinipes (Kalchbr.) McAlpine
- Tricholoma uliginosum Velen.
- Tricholoma ulvinenii Kalamees
- Tricholoma umbonatum Clémençon & Bon
- Tricholoma umbraticum Corner
- Tricholoma unifactum Peck
- Tricholoma urbicum Ferrarese & Zaffalon
- Tricholoma uropus Corner
- 褐黑口蘑 Tricholoma ustale (Fr.) P. Kumm.
- 擬褐黑口蘑 Tricholoma ustaloides Romagn.
- Tricholoma vaccinoides Pilát
- 紅鱗口蘑 Tricholoma vaccinum (Schaeff.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma vacini Velen.
- Tricholoma venenatum G.F. Atk.
- Tricholoma vernale Velen.
- Tricholoma vernaticum Shanks
- Tricholoma versicolor Velen.
- Tricholoma vestipes Velen.
- Tricholoma villosiparvum Corner
- Tricholoma vinaceogriseum P.D. Orton
- Tricholoma violaceibrunneum Corner
- 條紋口蘑 Tricholoma virgatum (Fr.) P. Kumm.
- Tricholoma viridifucatum Bon
- Tricholoma viridilutescens M.M. Moser
- Tricholoma viridiolivaceum G. Stev.
- Tricholoma weizianum Reichert & Aviz.-Hersh.
- Tricholoma zangii Z.M. Cao, Y.J. Yao & Pegler
- 澤勒口蘑 Tricholoma zelleri (D.E. Stuntz & A.H. Sm.) Ovrebo & Tylutki，澤勒氏口蘑
- Tricholoma zonatum Velen.
- Tricholoma zvarae Velen.
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Nilson, Sven; Olle Persson. Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi. Penguin. 1977: 24. ISBN 0-14-063006-6.
- ^ Tricholoma (Fr.) Staude. GBIF. [2022-05-18]. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-28）.
- ^ Wataru Aoki, Raymond Archambault, Jean Bérubé, Yves Lamoureux, Masaki Fukuda & Akiyoshi Yamada (2022) Tricholoma alpinum, sp. nov., under five-needle pines in alpine and subalpine zones in Japan, Mycologia, 114:1, 190-202, DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.2018889
- ^ Zhu L. Yang, Xiao-Xia Ding, G. Kost and K.-H. Rexer. 2017. New Species in the Tricholoma pardinum Complex from Eastern Himalaya. Phytotaxa. 305(1); 1–10. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.305.1.1
- Marcel Bon : The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe (Hodder & Stoughton 1987). ISBN 0-340-39935-X
- Régis Courtecuisse, Bernard Duhem : Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe (Delachaux & Niestlé, 1994-2000). ISBN 2-603-00953-2