史密斯堡
外观
此条目可参照外语维基百科相应条目来扩充。 (2017年5月22日) |
史密斯堡 Fort Smith | |
---|---|
市镇 | |
坐标:60°00′19″N 111°53′26″W / 60.00528°N 111.89056°W | |
国家 | 加拿大 |
地区 | 西北地区 |
分区 | 南斯拉维专区 |
建立 | 1966年10月1日 |
政府 | |
• 市长 | Lynn Napier-Buckley |
面积 | |
• 总计 | 92.79 平方公里(35.83 平方哩) |
海拔 | 205 公尺(673 呎) |
人口(2021年) | |
• 总计 | 2,248人 |
• 密度 | 24.2人/平方公里(62.7人/平方哩) |
时区 | MST(UTC-7) |
• 夏时制 | MDT(UTC-6) |
邮政号码 | X0E 0P0 |
电话区号 | +1 867 |
电讯交换 | 872 621 870 |
气候 | 副极地气候 |
生活指数 | 132.5 |
食物价格指数 | 108.5 |
网站 | fortsmith |
史密斯堡(英语:Fort Smith)是加拿大西北地区的一个小镇,隶属于南斯拉维专区。南边紧邻阿尔伯塔省。
历史
[编辑]气候
[编辑]史密斯堡的气候类型属于典型的亚寒带针叶林气候,根据柯本气候分类法归类为Dfc型,气候特征为夏季温暖短暂,而冬季严寒漫长。2021年6月30日,由于受到超级热浪的影响,史密斯堡记录了39.9 °C(103.8 °F)的高温,这是整个西北地区有史以来纪录的最高气温纪录[1];而极端最低气温是1917年12月26日的−57.2 °C(−71.0 °F)[2];这是西北地区有史以来纪录的最冷和最热的温度[3]。
史密斯堡机场(1981-2010年平均数据,1913年至今极端数据)[a] | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
月份 | 1月 | 2月 | 3月 | 4月 | 5月 | 6月 | 7月 | 8月 | 9月 | 10月 | 11月 | 12月 | 全年 |
历史最高湿热指数 | 8.4 | 11.6 | 13.9 | 29.6 | 32.7 | 40.6 | 41.7 | 38.5 | 31.3 | 25.9 | 12.1 | 8.9 | 41.7 |
历史最高温 °C(°F) | 8.7 (47.7) |
12.2 (54.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
39.9 (103.8) |
39.4 (102.9) |
35.3 (95.5) |
31.7 (89.1) |
26.7 (80.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
9.4 (48.9) |
39.9 (103.8) |
平均高温 °C(°F) | −17.8 (0.0) |
−13.5 (7.7) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
20.9 (69.6) |
23.3 (73.9) |
20.8 (69.4) |
13.6 (56.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
3.7 (38.7) |
日均气温 °C(°F) | −22.4 (−8.3) |
−19.1 (−2.4) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
7.8 (46.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
17.0 (62.6) |
14.7 (58.5) |
8.4 (47.1) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
平均低温 °C(°F) | −27.0 (−16.6) |
−24.7 (−12.5) |
−18.5 (−1.3) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
7.9 (46.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
8.6 (47.5) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−15.1 (4.8) |
−23.5 (−10.3) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
历史最低温 °C(°F) | −53.3 (−63.9) |
−55.0 (−67.0) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
−40.6 (−41.1) |
−23.0 (−9.4) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−42.8 (−45.0) |
−57.2 (−71.0) |
−57.2 (−71.0) |
历史最低风寒指数 | −60.4 | −58.4 | −55.7 | −50.4 | −26.2 | −8.0 | 0.0 | −4.7 | −17.8 | −35.3 | −48.8 | −59.6 | −60.4 |
平均降水量 mm(吋) | 16.5 (0.65) |
12.2 (0.48) |
13.2 (0.52) |
12.7 (0.50) |
27.8 (1.09) |
48.8 (1.92) |
54.5 (2.15) |
54.5 (2.15) |
42.4 (1.67) |
32.4 (1.28) |
22.3 (0.88) |
16.6 (0.65) |
353.6 (13.92) |
平均降雨量 mm(吋) | 0.1 (0.00) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.3 (0.01) |
6.2 (0.24) |
22.6 (0.89) |
48.7 (1.92) |
54.5 (2.15) |
54.3 (2.14) |
41.6 (1.64) |
14.0 (0.55) |
1.5 (0.06) |
0.3 (0.01) |
244.3 (9.62) |
平均降雪量 cm(吋) | 24.0 (9.4) |
18.7 (7.4) |
17.5 (6.9) |
7.8 (3.1) |
5.7 (2.2) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.2 (0.1) |
1.0 (0.4) |
21.5 (8.5) |
30.1 (11.9) |
23.8 (9.4) |
150.2 (59.1) |
平均降水天数(≥ 0.2 mm) | 10.8 | 8.6 | 7.9 | 5.8 | 8.5 | 10.9 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 13.7 | 13.5 | 11.6 | 127.7 |
平均降雨天数(≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 2.8 | 7.4 | 10.9 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 11.7 | 7.5 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 66.9 |
平均降雪天数(≥ 0.2 cm) | 12.3 | 10.1 | 8.6 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 8.4 | 14.7 | 13.3 | 73.9 |
平均相对湿度(%) | 79.8 | 77.6 | 67.1 | 51.4 | 42.3 | 43.8 | 48.2 | 52.8 | 58.0 | 71.4 | 83.8 | 82.0 | 63.2 |
月均日照时数 | 57.1 | 113.7 | 176.7 | 243.0 | 285.9 | 299.1 | 301.0 | 261.7 | 132.0 | 87.3 | 43.5 | 28.3 | 2,029.3 |
数据来源:Environment Canada (sun 1951–1980)[4][5][6][7] |
人口统计
[编辑]根据加拿大统计局2016年的全国人口普查数据,史密斯堡有2,031人,比2011年普查时的1,621人,增加了25% [8]。
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来源:西北地区统计局(2001-2017)[21] |
名人
[编辑]加拿大央行前任行长,前任英格兰银行行长马克·卡尼是史密斯堡人。
参见
[编辑]参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Fort Smith had its hottest day in 80 years: preliminary data. Environment Canada. CBC. [30 June 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-07-01).
- ^ Daily Data Report for December 1917. Canadian Climate Data. Environment Canada. [July 29, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-27).
- ^ Columbo, John Robert, The 1996 Canadian Global Almanac, Toronto, Ontario: Macmillan Canada: 22, 1995
- ^ Fort Smith A. Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. [29 July 2016]. Climate ID: 2202200. (原始内容存档于2021-12-27).
- ^ Fort Smith. Canadian Climate Data. Environment Canada. [29 July 2016]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-07).
- ^ Fort Smith. Canadian Climate Data. Environment Canada. [29 July 2016]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-07).
- ^ Canadian Climate Normals 1951–1980 Volume 7: Bright Sunshine. Environment Canada. [October 24, 2020]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-21).
- ^ 2016年人口普查资料. 加拿大统计局. 2017-04-14 [2017-05-21].
- ^ Ninth Census of Canada, 1951 (PDF). SP-7 (Population: Unincorporated villages and hamlets). Dominion Bureau of Statistics. March 31, 1954 [February 2, 2022]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-11-28).
- ^ Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1901–1961. 1961 Census of Canada (PDF). Series 1.1: Historical, 1901–1961. I: Population. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. March 8, 1963 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-02).
- ^ Table 2: Population of Census Subdivisions, 1921–1971. 1971 Census of Canada (PDF). Population. Census Subdivisions (Historical). Ottawa: Statistics Canada. July 1973 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-08-27).
- ^ 1976 Census of Canada: Population - Geographic Distributions (PDF). Statistics Canada. June 1977 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-01-14).
- ^ 1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order (PDF). Statistics Canada. May 1992 [February 1, 2021]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-01-14).
- ^ 1986 Census: Population - Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions (PDF). Statistics Canada. September 1987 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-05-08).
- ^ 91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions - Population and Dwelling Counts (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1992 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-05-08).
- ^ 96 Census: A National Overview - Population and Dwelling Counts (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1997 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-11-28).
- ^ Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data (Northwest Territories). Statistics Canada. August 15, 2012 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-03).
- ^ Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data (Northwest Territories). Statistics Canada. August 20, 2021 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-03).
- ^ Corrections and updates: Population and dwelling count amendments, 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. March 4, 2014 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-19).
- ^ Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories). Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017 [February 1, 2022]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-03).
- ^ Population Estimates By Community from the GNWT
注解
[编辑]- ^ Climate data was recorded at Fort Smith from July 1913 to May 1946 and at Fort Smith Airport from September 1943 to present.