粒子发现年表

这是一份依据粒子被发现年份的先后顺序来进行排序的列表。如想找到更详细的列表，请参看粒子列表。

1897：电子被约瑟夫·汤姆森发现^[1]
1919：质子被欧内斯特·卢瑟福发现^[2]
1932：中子被詹姆斯·查德威克发现^[3]
1932：反电子(或正电子) 美国物理学家卡尔·戴维·安德森在宇宙射线中发现了它^[4]
1937：发现μ子^[5]
1947：发现π介子，1935年汤川秀树预测了介子的存在^[6]
1947：K介子由曼彻斯特大学G·D·罗彻斯特和克里福德·查理斯·巴特勒发现^[7]
1955：反质子由埃米利奥·塞格雷和欧文·张伯伦发现^[8]
1956：发现电中微子，沃尔夫冈·泡利在1930年预言到它的存在，克莱德·科温、弗雷德里克·莱因斯等人在实验中证实了泡利的预言^[9]
1962：μ中微子被利昂·莱德曼、梅尔文·施瓦茨和杰克·施泰因贝格尔发现^[10]
1974：两个互相之间独立的研究组分别首次发现J/ψ介子其中一个组是伯顿·里克特领导的斯坦福直线加速器中心，另一个组是麻省理工学院丁肇中领导的布鲁克黑文国家实验室^[11]^[12]
1975：τ子由马丁·佩尔1977年发现^[13]
1983：发现W和Z玻色子^[14]^[15]
1995：费米实验室的CDF和DØ两个研究团队发现了顶夸克^[16]^[17]
2000：费米实验室首次发现τ中微子^[18]

2012：发现希格斯玻色子但还有待物理学者进一步分析来完全确定^[19]

参见

参考资料

^ J.J. Thomson. Cathode Rays. Philosophical Magazine. 1897, 44: 293 [2012-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-24）.
^ E. Rutherford. Collision of α Particles with Light Atoms IV. An Anomalous Effect in Nitrogen. Philosophical Magazine. 1919, 37: 581.
^ J. Chadwick. Possible Existence of a Neutron. Nature. 1932, 129 (3252): 312. Bibcode:1932Natur.129Q.312C. doi:10.1038/129312a0.
^ C.D. Anderson. The Apparent Existence of Easily Deflectable Positives. Science. 1932, 76 (1967): 238–9. Bibcode:1932Sci....76..238A. PMID 17731542. doi:10.1126/science.76.1967.238.
^ S.H. Neddermeyer, C.D. Anderson. Note on the nature of Cosmic-Ray Particles. Physical Review. 1937, 51 (10): 884. Bibcode:1937PhRv...51..884N. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.51.884.
^ H. Yukawa. On the Interaction of Elementary Particles (PDF). Proceedings of the Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan. 1935, 17: 48 [2013-11-17]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-02-19）.
^ G.D. Rochester, C.C. Butler. Evidence for the Existence of New Unstable Elementary Particles. Nature. 1947, 160 (4077): 855. Bibcode:1947Natur.160..855R. doi:10.1038/160855a0.
^ O. Chamberlain, E. Segrè, C. Wiegand, T. Ypsilantis. Observation of Antiprotons. Physical Review. 1955, 100 (3): 947. Bibcode:1955PhRv..100..947C. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.100.947.
^ F. Reines, C.L. Cowan. The Neutrino. Nature. 1956, 178 (4531): 446. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..446R. doi:10.1038/178446a0.
^ G. Danby; et al. Observation of High-Energy Neutrino Reactions and the Existence of Two Kinds of Neutrinos. Physical Review Letters. 1962, 9 (1): 36. Bibcode:1962PhRvL...9...36D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.9.36.
^ J.J. Aubert; et al. Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1404. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1404A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1404.
^ J.-E. Augustin; et al. Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e⁺e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1406. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1406A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1406.
^ M.L. Perl; et al. Evidence for Anomalous Lepton Production in e⁺–e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1975, 35 (22): 1489. Bibcode:1975PhRvL..35.1489P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.1489.
^ J.J. Aubert et al. (European Muon Collaboration). The ratio of the nucleon structure functions F₂^N for iron and deuterium. Physics Letters B. 1983, 123 (3–4): 275. Bibcode:1983PhLB..123..275A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90437-9.
^ G. Arnison et al. (UA1 collaboration). Experimental observation of lepton pairs of invariant mass around 7001950000000000000♠95 GeV/c² at the CERN SPS collider. Physics Letters B. 1983, 126 (5): 398. Bibcode:1983PhLB..126..398A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90188-0.
^ F. Abe et al. (CDF collaboration). Observation of Top quark production in p–p Collisions with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2626–2631. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2626A. PMID 10057978. arXiv:hep-ex/9503002 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2626.
^ S. Arabuchi et al. (D0 collaboration). Observation of the Top Quark. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2632–2637. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2632A. PMID 10057979. arXiv:hep-ex/9503003 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2632.
^ Physicists Find First Direct Evidence for Tau Neutrino at Fermilab (新闻稿). Fermilab. 20 July 2000 [20 March 2010]. （原始内容存档于2016-10-20）.
^ Boyle, Alan. Milestone in Higgs quest: Scientists find new particle. MSNBC (MSNBC). July 4, 2012 [July 5, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-07）.

[1] J.J. Thomson. Cathode Rays. Philosophical Magazine. 1897, 44: 293 [2012-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-24）.

[2] E. Rutherford. Collision of α Particles with Light Atoms IV. An Anomalous Effect in Nitrogen. Philosophical Magazine. 1919, 37: 581.

[3] J. Chadwick. Possible Existence of a Neutron. Nature. 1932, 129 (3252): 312. Bibcode:1932Natur.129Q.312C. doi:10.1038/129312a0.

[4] C.D. Anderson. The Apparent Existence of Easily Deflectable Positives. Science. 1932, 76 (1967): 238–9. Bibcode:1932Sci....76..238A. PMID 17731542. doi:10.1126/science.76.1967.238.

[5] S.H. Neddermeyer, C.D. Anderson. Note on the nature of Cosmic-Ray Particles. Physical Review. 1937, 51 (10): 884. Bibcode:1937PhRv...51..884N. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.51.884.

[6] H. Yukawa. On the Interaction of Elementary Particles (PDF). Proceedings of the Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan. 1935, 17: 48 [2013-11-17]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-02-19）.

[7] G.D. Rochester, C.C. Butler. Evidence for the Existence of New Unstable Elementary Particles. Nature. 1947, 160 (4077): 855. Bibcode:1947Natur.160..855R. doi:10.1038/160855a0.

[8] O. Chamberlain, E. Segrè, C. Wiegand, T. Ypsilantis. Observation of Antiprotons. Physical Review. 1955, 100 (3): 947. Bibcode:1955PhRv..100..947C. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.100.947.

[9] F. Reines, C.L. Cowan. The Neutrino. Nature. 1956, 178 (4531): 446. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..446R. doi:10.1038/178446a0.

[10] G. Danby; et al. Observation of High-Energy Neutrino Reactions and the Existence of Two Kinds of Neutrinos. Physical Review Letters. 1962, 9 (1): 36. Bibcode:1962PhRvL...9...36D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.9.36.

[11] J.J. Aubert; et al. Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1404. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1404A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1404.

[12] J.-E. Augustin; et al. Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e⁺e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1974, 33 (23): 1406. Bibcode:1974PhRvL..33.1406A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1406.

[13] M.L. Perl; et al. Evidence for Anomalous Lepton Production in e⁺–e⁻ Annihilation. Physical Review Letters. 1975, 35 (22): 1489. Bibcode:1975PhRvL..35.1489P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.1489.

[14] J.J. Aubert et al. (European Muon Collaboration). The ratio of the nucleon structure functions F₂^N for iron and deuterium. Physics Letters B. 1983, 123 (3–4): 275. Bibcode:1983PhLB..123..275A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90437-9.

[15] G. Arnison et al. (UA1 collaboration). Experimental observation of lepton pairs of invariant mass around 7001950000000000000♠95 GeV/c² at the CERN SPS collider. Physics Letters B. 1983, 126 (5): 398. Bibcode:1983PhLB..126..398A. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)90188-0.

[16] F. Abe et al. (CDF collaboration). Observation of Top quark production in p–p Collisions with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2626–2631. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2626A. PMID 10057978. arXiv:hep-ex/9503002 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2626.

[17] S. Arabuchi et al. (D0 collaboration). Observation of the Top Quark. Physical Review Letters. 1995, 74 (14): 2632–2637. Bibcode:1995PhRvL..74.2632A. PMID 10057979. arXiv:hep-ex/9503003 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.2632.

[18] Physicists Find First Direct Evidence for Tau Neutrino at Fermilab (新闻稿). Fermilab. 20 July 2000 [20 March 2010]. （原始内容存档于2016-10-20）.

[19] Boyle, Alan. Milestone in Higgs quest: Scientists find new particle. MSNBC (MSNBC). July 4, 2012 [July 5, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-07）.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]