剝頭皮

剝頭皮是將人類頭皮（通常連帶頭髮）從頭上割下或撕下的行為，通常發生在戰爭中，頭皮被留作戰利品（英語：Human trophy collecting）^[1]。剝頭皮被認為是一種將人體器官作為戰利品展示的文化習俗，可能是作為割人頭的替代方法發展而來，因為頭皮更易於剝取、運輸和保存，以便日後展示。剝頭皮在舊大陸和新大陸的各族文化中獨立發展而成^[2]。

參考文獻

^ Griffin, Anastasia M. (2008). Georg Friederici's (1906) "Scalping and Similar Warfare Customs in America" with a Critical Introduction. ProQuest. ISBN 9780549562092 p.18.
^ Mensforth, Robert P.; Chacon, Richard J. Chacon; Dye, David H. Human Trophy Taking in Eastern North America During the Archaic Period: The Relationship to Warfare and Social Complexity. The Taking and Displaying of Human Body Parts as Trophies by Amerindians (Springer Science + Business Media). 2007: 225.

書目

Axtell, James. Scalps and Scalping. Encyclopedia of North American Indians. [2005-04-12]. （原始內容存檔於2002-12-23）.
Billard, Jules B. World of the American Indian 1st. Washington DC: National Geographic Society. 1974.
Burton, Richard F. Notes on Scalping. Anthropological Review. 1864, II: 49–52.
Arthur, Elizabeth. Hamilton, Henry. Halpenny, Francess G (編). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. IV (1771–1800) online. University of Toronto Press. 1979.
Grenier, John. The Far Reaches of Empire. War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. Norman: U of Oklahoma Press. 2008.
Grenier, John. The First Way of War: American War Making on the Frontier. Cambridge University Press. 2005.
Griffin, Anastasia M. Georg Friederici's (1906) "Scalping and Similar Warfare Customs in America" with a Critical Introduction. 2008: 248. ISBN 9780549562092.
Kelsey, Isabel. Joseph Brant 1743–1807: Man of Two Worlds. Syracuse University Press. 1984. ISBN 0-8156-0182-4.
Mensforth, Robert P.; ((Chacon, Richard J. (editor))); ((Dye, David H. (editor))). Human Trophy Taking in Eastern North America During the Archaic Period: The Relationship to Warfare and Social Complexity. The Taking and Displaying of Human Body Parts as Trophies by Amerindians (Springer Science + Business Media). 2007: 225.

外部連結

Axtell, James; Sturtevant, William. The Unkindest Cut, or Who Invented Scalping (PDF). Amstudy.hku.hk.
Cowan, Ross. Head-Hunting Roman Cavalry. Academia.edu. ^{[永久失效連結]}
Lawrence, Charles, Governor. British Scalp Proclamation. We Were Not the Savages: First Nation History. 1756.

[1] Griffin, Anastasia M. (2008). Georg Friederici's (1906) "Scalping and Similar Warfare Customs in America" with a Critical Introduction. ProQuest. ISBN 9780549562092 p.18.

[2] Mensforth, Robert P.; Chacon, Richard J. Chacon; Dye, David H. Human Trophy Taking in Eastern North America During the Archaic Period: The Relationship to Warfare and Social Complexity. The Taking and Displaying of Human Body Parts as Trophies by Amerindians (Springer Science + Business Media). 2007: 225.

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