吡格列酮

吡格列酮
臨床資料
商品名（英語：Drug nomenclature）	Actos, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a699016
核准狀況	歐 EMA: yes; 美 FDA: Actos;
懷孕分級	C;
給藥途徑	By mouth
藥物類別（英語：Drug class）	Thiazolidinedione
ATC碼	A10BG03 (WHO) ;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	英：處方藥（℞-only） (POM); 美：處方藥（℞-only）;
藥物動力學數據
血漿蛋白結合率	>99%
藥物代謝	liver (CYP2C8)
生物半衰期	3–7 hours
排泄途徑	in bile
識別資訊
	IUPAC命名法 (RS)-5-(4-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy]benzyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione; ;
CAS號	111025-46-8
PubChem CID	4829;
IUPHAR/BPS	2694;
DrugBank	DB01132 ;
ChemSpider	4663 ;
UNII	X4OV71U42S;
KEGG	D08378 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:8228 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL595 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英語：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID3037129 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.114.441
化學資訊
化學式	C19H20N2O3S
摩爾質量	356.44 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英語：JSmol））	交互式圖像;
手性	外消旋混合物
熔點	183至184 °C（361至363 °F）
	SMILES O=C1NC(=O)SC1Cc3ccc(OCCc2ncc(cc2)CC)cc3;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H20N2O3S/c1-2-13-3-6-15(20-12-13)9-10-24-16-7-4-14(5-8-16)11-17-18(22)21-19(23)25-17/h3-8,12,17H,2,9-11H2,1H3,(H,21,22,23) ; Key:HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

吡格列酮（Pioglitazone）是一種專門用於治療2型糖尿病^[1]的口服藥物^[2]，屬於噻唑烷二酮類（活化受體調節劑）藥物的一種。

用途

其他用途

薈萃分析顯示本品對重性抑鬱障礙可能有效，起效率27%，安慰劑10%。^[3]也有用於雙相障礙的，但薈萃分析未發現有用處。^[4]

薈萃分析顯示對非酒精性脂肪肝有效果，已成為推薦之一。^[5]

研究

可導致果蠅延壽，對人效果不明。^[6]

有依照此物降低神經膠質細胞的觀察，嘗試用於自閉症的。但樣本數較低，對於效果的觀察暫不能認定正確。^[7]

對於阿爾茨海默症無效。^[8]

似乎可以治療老鼠的阿片成癮。^[9]

參考文獻

^ British national formulary : BNF 76 76th. Pharmaceutical Press. 2018: 694. ISBN 9780857113382 （英語）.
^ Pioglitazone Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [3 March 2019]. （原始內容存檔於2020-08-15）（英語）.
^ Colle R, de Larminat D, Rotenberg S, Hozer F, Hardy P, Verstuyft C, Fève B, Corruble E. Pioglitazone could induce remission in major depression: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2017, 13: 9–16. PMC 5182046 . PMID 28031713. doi:10.2147/NDT.S121149 .
^ Bartoli F, Cavaleri D, Bachi B, Moretti F, Riboldi I, Crocamo C, Carrà G. Repurposed drugs as adjunctive treatments for mania and bipolar depression: A meta-review and critical appraisal of meta-analyses of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Journal of Psychiatric Research. September 2021, 143: 230–238. PMID 34509090. S2CID 237485915. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.018.
^ Pouwels S, Sakran N, Graham Y, Leal A, Pintar T, Yang W, Kassir R, Singhal R, Mahawar K, Ramnarain D. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a review of pathophysiology, clinical management and effects of weight loss. BMC Endocrine Disorders. March 2022, 22 (1): 63. PMC 8919523 . PMID 35287643. doi:10.1186/s12902-022-00980-1 .
^ Jafari M, Khodayari B, Felgner J, Bussel II, Rose MR, Mueller LD. Pioglitazone: an anti-diabetic compound with anti-aging properties (PDF). Biogerontology. December 2007, 8 (6): 639–51. PMID 17628757. S2CID 9714773. doi:10.1007/s10522-007-9105-7.
^ Doyle CA, McDougle CJ. Pharmacotherapy to control behavioral symptoms in children with autism. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. August 2012, 13 (11): 1615–29. PMID 22550944. S2CID 32144885. doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.674110.
^ Abyadeh M, Gupta V, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Wu Y, Amirkhani A, Meyfour A, Sheriff S, Shen T, Dhiman K, Ghasem HS, Paul AH, Stuart LG, Mirzaei M. Comparative Analysis of Aducanumab, Zagotenemab and Pioglitazone as Targeted Treatment Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease. Aging and Disease. December 2021, 12 (8): 1964–1976. PMC 8612603 . PMID 34881080. doi:10.14336/AD.2021.0719.
^ de Guglielmo G, Kallupi M, Scuppa G, Demopulos G, Gaitanaris G, Ciccocioppo R. Pioglitazone attenuates the opioid withdrawal and vulnerability to relapse to heroin seeking in rodents. Psychopharmacology. January 2017, 234 (2): 223–234. PMID 27714428. doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4452-1.

外部連結

Pioglitazone FAQ（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal - Pioglitazonee（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[BNF76-1] British national formulary : BNF 76 76th. Pharmaceutical Press. 2018: 694. ISBN 9780857113382 （英語）.

[AHFS2019-2] Pioglitazone Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [3 March 2019]. （原始內容存檔於2020-08-15）（英語）.

[pmid28031713-3] Colle R, de Larminat D, Rotenberg S, Hozer F, Hardy P, Verstuyft C, Fève B, Corruble E. Pioglitazone could induce remission in major depression: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2017, 13: 9–16. PMC 5182046 . PMID 28031713. doi:10.2147/NDT.S121149 .

[repurposed2021-4] Bartoli F, Cavaleri D, Bachi B, Moretti F, Riboldi I, Crocamo C, Carrà G. Repurposed drugs as adjunctive treatments for mania and bipolar depression: A meta-review and critical appraisal of meta-analyses of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Journal of Psychiatric Research. September 2021, 143: 230–238. PMID 34509090. S2CID 237485915. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.018.

[5] Pouwels S, Sakran N, Graham Y, Leal A, Pintar T, Yang W, Kassir R, Singhal R, Mahawar K, Ramnarain D. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a review of pathophysiology, clinical management and effects of weight loss. BMC Endocrine Disorders. March 2022, 22 (1): 63. PMC 8919523 . PMID 35287643. doi:10.1186/s12902-022-00980-1 .

[6] Jafari M, Khodayari B, Felgner J, Bussel II, Rose MR, Mueller LD. Pioglitazone: an anti-diabetic compound with anti-aging properties (PDF). Biogerontology. December 2007, 8 (6): 639–51. PMID 17628757. S2CID 9714773. doi:10.1007/s10522-007-9105-7.

[7] Doyle CA, McDougle CJ. Pharmacotherapy to control behavioral symptoms in children with autism. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. August 2012, 13 (11): 1615–29. PMID 22550944. S2CID 32144885. doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.674110.

[8] Abyadeh M, Gupta V, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Wu Y, Amirkhani A, Meyfour A, Sheriff S, Shen T, Dhiman K, Ghasem HS, Paul AH, Stuart LG, Mirzaei M. Comparative Analysis of Aducanumab, Zagotenemab and Pioglitazone as Targeted Treatment Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease. Aging and Disease. December 2021, 12 (8): 1964–1976. PMC 8612603 . PMID 34881080. doi:10.14336/AD.2021.0719.

[9] Guglielmo G, Kallupi M, Scuppa G, Demopulos G, Gaitanaris G, Ciccocioppo R. Pioglitazone attenuates the opioid withdrawal and vulnerability to relapse to heroin seeking in rodents. Psychopharmacology. January 2017, 234 (2): 223–234. PMID 27714428. doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4452-1.

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