女家庭教師
女家庭教師（Governess）是西方一類受個人僱傭以教育兒童的職業，她們不會像保姆一樣為受教者的生活瑣事操勞，而是為學齡兒童提供專門的教育[1]，即所謂的3R（閱讀、寫作和算術，英語作reading、writing、arithmetic）[2]。僱傭女家庭教師曾流行於西方上流社會中，這些家長不太傾向於將年幼的孩子送到寄宿學校讀書。但在孩子的年齡足夠大時，他們仍會被送往學校，或者換男性的導師來輔導。
在現代社會，這一職業已經式微，但在一些皇室或極其富有的家庭中仍存在[3][4][5]。
參見
[編輯]參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ A Governess's Duties （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, Outback House (Australian Broadcasting Corporation).
- ^ McDonald, James Joseph, and J. A. C. Chandler. Life in Old Virginia; A Description of Virginia More Particularly the Tidewater Section, Narrating Many Incidents Relating to the Manners and Customs of Old Virginia so Fast Disappearing As a Result of the War between the States, Together with Many Humorous Stories. Norfold, Va: Old Virginia Pub. Co. 1907: 241.
- ^ Ellis, Phyllis. Desert Governess: An Inside View on the Saudi Arabian Royal Family. London: Eye Books. 2000. ISBN 1-903070-01-5.
- ^ Harris, Julia: A career as a Governess? What skills do you need?, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 15 October 2004.
- ^ Telegraph.co.uk （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, The Telegraph, 15 March 2009.
擴展閱讀
[編輯]- Brandon, Ruth: Other People's Daughters: The Lives And Times Of The Governess. 2008
- Broughton, Trev and Ruth Symes: The Governess: An Anthology. Stroud: Sutton, 1997. ISBN 0-7509-1503-X
- Budde, Gunilla: Als Erzieherinnen in Europa unterwegs: Gouvernanten, governesses und gouvernantes, EGO – European History Online（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, Mainz: Institute of European History（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, 2011, retrieved: 21 February 2013.
- Hughes, Kathryn: The Victorian Governess, London: Hambledon, 1993. ISBN 1-85285-002-7
- Peterson, M. Jeanne: "The Victorian Governess: Status Incongruence in Family and Society", in Suffer and Be Still: Women In the Victorian Age, ed. Martha Vicinus. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1972.
外部連接
[編輯]
- The Victorian Governess, a bibliography, at Victorian Web（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
- VAM.ac.uk（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, Richard Redgrave's 'The Governess' discussed at the V&A Museum.
