竇螺屬

竇螺屬
	Five views of a shell of Sinum cymba
	A shell of Sinum cymba
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱：	腹足綱 Gastropoda
目：	玉黍螺目 Littorinimorpha
總科：	玉螺總科 Naticoidea
科：	玉螺科 Naticidae
屬：	竇螺屬 Sinum; Röding, 1798Template:No-gastropod-genus-ref
模式種
	Helix haliotoidea Linnaeus, 1758;
異名
	Catinus Oken, 1835; Cryptostoma Blainville, 1818; Cryptostoma as used by Gray, 1834 (incorrect subsequent spelling); Cryptostomus Blainville, 1818; Ectosinum Iredale, 1931; Sigaretus Lamarck, 1799; Sinum (Ectosinum) Iredale, 1931 · accepted, alternate representation; Sinum (Sinum) Röding, 1798 · accepted, alternate representation;

竇螺屬（學名：Sinum）^[1]^:173，又名廣口玉螺屬^[2]，是一個捕食性海螺的屬，是玉螺科海洋腹足綱軟體動物的成員^[2]^[3]。舊屬異足目^[2]，今屬玉黍螺目^[4]。一般的玉螺科物種都呈圓球形或卵球形，但本屬物種與部分同屬廣口玉螺亞科的物種一樣略扁、甚或變成耳形^[5]。

分佈

本物種遍佈全世界；見於中國大陸^[2]，新加坡、馬來西亞、印度尼西亞、越南、台灣^[6]，常棲息在潮間帶^[2]的淺海沙底、淺海^[6]。

物種

截至2018年5月9日 (2018-05-09)^[update]，本屬在WoRMS紀錄有以下各物種^[3]：

Sinum bifasciatum (Récluz, 1851)^[7]
Sinum concavum (Lamarck, 1822)^[8]
Sinum cymba (Menke, 1828)
Sinum debile (Gould, 1853)
狄氏竇螺 Sinum delessertii (Récluz in Chenu, 1843)^[1]^:194
Sinum diauges Kilburn, 1974
Sinum eximium (Reeve, 1864)
Sinum faviai Lozouet, Lesport & Renard, 2001 †
Sinum grayi (G. P. Deshayes, 1843)^[9]
扁平竇螺 Sinum haliotoideum (Linnaeus, 1758)
雕刻竇螺 Sinum incisum (Reeve, 1864)
Sinum infirmum Marwick, 1924 †
日本竇螺 Sinum japonicum (Lischke, 1872)
爪哇竇螺 Sinum javanicum (Gray, 1834)
Sinum keratium Dall, 1919
光滑竇螺 Sinum laevigatum (Lamarck, 1822)
Sinum maculatum (Say, 1831)
Sinum marwicki Laws, 1930 †
Sinum minus (Dall, 1889)
南海竇螺 Sinum nanhaiense Zhang , 2009^[1]^:194^[10]^[11]
似蜑玉螺 Sinum neritoideum (Linnaeus, 1758)，大竇螺
Sinum noyesii Dall, 1903
Sinum perspectivum (Say, 1831)
Sinum planulatum (Récluz, 1843)
Sinum quasimodoides Kilburn, 1976
Sinum sanctijohannis (Pilsbry & H. N. Lowe, 1932)
Sinum scopulosum (Conrad, 1849)
褐帶竇螺 Sinum vittatum S.-P. Zhang, 2008^[12]^[13]^[1]^:197
Sinum zonale (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)

The Indo-Pacific Molluscan database also mentions the following species with names in current use ^[14]

Sinum acuminatus (Adams & Reeeve, 1850)
Sinum insculptus Adams & Reeve, 1850
Sinum latifasciatus Adams & Reeve, 1850
南海竇螺 Sinum nanhaiensis Zhang, 2009
Sinum parvus (E. A. Smith, 1895)
Sinum petitianus Récluz, 1843
Sinum sinuatus Récluz, 1851
Sinum tener (Smith, 1894)
Sinum unifasciatus Récluz, 1843

以下物種舊屬本屬，現時被視為其他物種的異名：

Sinum californicum I. Oldroyd, 1917：為Sinum scopulosum (Conrad, 1849)的異名。
古氏竇螺 Sinum cuvierianus (Récluz, 1843)^[1]^:189被認為是Vanikoro cuvieriana的異名；
Sinum fuscum Röding, 1798：為扁平竇螺 Sinum haliotoideum (Linnaeus, 1758)的異名。
Sinum minor [sic]：為Sinum minus (Dall, 1889)的異名。
乳頭竇螺 Sinum papilla^[2]^[15]是真玉螺 Eunaticina papilla (Gmelin, 1791)^[1]^:175的異名。
Sinum pazianum Dall, 1919：為Sinum debile (Gould, 1853)的異名。
Sinum planatum：為Sinum planulatum (Récluz, 1843)的異名。
Sinum weberi (Bartsch, 1918)：為雕刻竇螺 Sinum incisum (Reeve, 1864)的異名。
波形玉螺 Sinum undulatum：今屬長玉螺屬。

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 張素萍 (編). 玉螺总科. 中国动物志. 無脊椎動物第五十六卷軟體動物門腹足綱鳳螺總科玉螺總科. 科學出版社. 2016. ISBN 9787030473158 （中文（簡體））.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 国际贝库：乳头窦螺. 台灣貝類資料庫. [2018-04-26]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）（中文（繁體））.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Bouchet P, Gofas S, Rosenberg G. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 編. Sinum Röding, 1798. MolluscaBase. 2017-09-01 [2018-05-30] –透過WoRMS.
^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.
^ 鍾柏生; 賴景陽. 台灣的玉螺. 貝友 (中華民國貝類學會). 1997, 23: 22–31.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 国际贝库：似蜑玉螺. 台灣貝類資料庫. [2009-08-11]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）.
^ Sinum bifasciatum (Récluz, 1851). WoRMS. [2010-06-16].
^ Sinum concavum (Lamarck, 1822). WoRMS. [2010-06-16].
^ Keen, A. Myra. Sea Shells of Tropical West America 2nd. Stanford University Press. 1971. ISBN 0-8047-0736-7 （英語）.
^ 張素萍. 南海玉螺科两新种记述. 海洋與湖沼. 2009-11-30, 40 (6): 808–812 [2018-04-27]. （原始內容存檔於2018-04-28）（中文（簡體））.
^ Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Sinum nanhaiense S.-P. Zhang, 2009. MolluscaBase. 2017-09-11 [2018-05-10] –透過WoRMS.
^ Sinum vittatum Zhang, 2008. WoRMS. [2018-04-27].
^ Zhang, Su-ping. Two new species of Naticidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the coast of China [中國近岸玉螺科兩新種記述]. 海洋學報 (中國)#英文版 Acta Oceanologica Sinica. 2007-06-30, 27 (1): 132－136 [2018-04-27]. ISSN 1869-1099. （原始內容存檔於2018-04-28）（英語）.
^ OBIS : Sinum. [2018-04-27]. （原始內容存檔於2012-03-08）.
^ Sinum papilla (Gmelin, 1791). WoRMS. 2011-11-02 [2018-05-30].

Röding, P.F. 1798. Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Hamburg : Trappii 199 pp.
Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de Monet de 1799. Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification de coquilles, comprenent une réaction appropiée de charactères génériques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 63-91
Blainville, 1818. Sur un nouveau genre de mollusques, Cryptostome, Cryprostomus. Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomatique de Paris 1818: 120-122
Iredale, T. 1931. Australian molluscan notes. No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 18(4): 201-235, pls xxii-xxv
MacNae, W. & M. Kalk (eds) (1958). A natural history of Inhaca Island, Mozambique. Witwatersrand Univ. Press, Johannesburg. I-iv, 163 pp.
Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. 1962. A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 11: 1-109
Wilson, B. 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, Western Australia : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 1 408 pp.
Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
Rolán E., 2005. Malacological Fauna From The Cape Verde Archipelago. Part 1, Polyplacophora and Gastropoda.

[zgdwz-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 張素萍 (編). 玉螺总科. 中国动物志. 無脊椎動物第五十六卷軟體動物門腹足綱鳳螺總科玉螺總科. 科學出版社. 2016. ISBN 9787030473158 （中文（簡體））.

[shell_6486-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 国际贝库：乳头窦螺. 台灣貝類資料庫. [2018-04-26]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）（中文（繁體））.

[WoRMS_138244-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Bouchet P, Gofas S, Rosenberg G. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 編. Sinum Röding, 1798. MolluscaBase. 2017-09-01 [2018-05-30] –透過WoRMS.

[Bouchet_2017-4] Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201.

[shelldoc_100282-5] 鍾柏生; 賴景陽. 台灣的玉螺. 貝友 (中華民國貝類學會). 1997, 23: 22–31.

[shell_680-6] 6.0 ^6.1 国际贝库：似蜑玉螺. 台灣貝類資料庫. [2009-08-11]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）.

[7] Sinum bifasciatum (Récluz, 1851). WoRMS. [2010-06-16].

[8] Sinum concavum (Lamarck, 1822). WoRMS. [2010-06-16].

[9] Keen, A. Myra. Sea Shells of Tropical West America 2nd. Stanford University Press. 1971. ISBN 0-8047-0736-7 （英語）.

[Zhang_2009-10] 張素萍. 南海玉螺科两新种记述. 海洋與湖沼. 2009-11-30, 40 (6): 808–812 [2018-04-27]. （原始內容存檔於2018-04-28）（中文（簡體））.

[WoRMS_1034932-11] Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (編). Sinum nanhaiense S.-P. Zhang, 2009. MolluscaBase. 2017-09-11 [2018-05-10] –透過WoRMS.

[WoRMS_458644-12] Sinum vittatum Zhang, 2008. WoRMS. [2018-04-27].

[Zhang_2008-13] Zhang, Su-ping. Two new species of Naticidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the coast of China [中國近岸玉螺科兩新種記述]. 海洋學報 (中國)#英文版 Acta Oceanologica Sinica. 2007-06-30, 27 (1): 132－136 [2018-04-27]. ISSN 1869-1099. （原始內容存檔於2018-04-28）（英語）.

[14] OBIS : Sinum. [2018-04-27]. （原始內容存檔於2012-03-08）.

[WoRMS_216927-15] Sinum papilla (Gmelin, 1791). WoRMS. 2011-11-02 [2018-05-30].

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