^France maintains governmental control of eight small islands off the southern coast of Newfoundland, Canada, named Saint Pierre and Miquelon. Newfoundland is generally considered the northernmost point of the Appalachian range. Therefore, the Appalachians run through the lone remaining North American territory of France.
^Saint Pierre and Miquelon. World Factbook. [August 15, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-02). the islands are actually part of the northern Appalachians along with Newfoundland
^Thomas, William A.; Hatcher, Jr., Robert D. Southern-Central Appalachians-Ouachitas Orogen. Encyclopedia of Geology. 2021, 4 –通过Elsevier Science Direct. The foundations of the Appalachian-Ouachita orogen were laid when the assembly of supercontinent Rodinia was completed. The collisional events were accompanied by high-grade metamorphism and magmatism during the Grenville orogeny in the time span of 1300–950 Ma.