貝母蘭屬

貝母蘭屬
	Coelogyne cristata
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	單子葉植物 Monocots
目：	天門冬目 Asparagales
科：	蘭科 Orchidaceae
亞科：	樹蘭亞科 Epidendroideae
族：	龍嘴蘭族 Arethuseae
亞族：	貝母蘭亞族 Coelogyninae
屬：	貝母蘭屬 Coelogyne; Lindl., 1824

貝母蘭屬（學名：Coelogyne）是蘭科下的一個屬，為附生蘭或陸生蘭。該屬共有近200種，分佈於熱帶亞洲至大洋洲。^[1]

特徵

附生草本。根狀莖常延長，匍匐或多少懸垂，通常具較密生的節，節上被鱗片狀鞘。假鱗莖常較粗厚，以一定距離着生於根狀莖上，基部常被籜狀鞘，頂端生 (1-) 2枚葉。葉通常長圓形至橢圓狀披針形，一般質地較厚，基部具柄。花葶生於假鱗莖頂端，常與幼葉同時出現於幼嫩假鱗莖頂端，初時發自近老假鱗莖基部的根狀莖上，有時在花葶基部或上部近花序軸處具多枚二列套疊的、宿存的革質穎片；總狀花序直立或俯垂，通常具數朵花，較少超過20朵或減退為單花的；花苞片常較大，近舟狀，對摺，脫落；花較大或中等大，常白色或綠黃色，唇瓣多有斑紋；萼片相似，有時背面有龍骨狀突起；花瓣常為線形，較少與萼片近等寬；唇瓣常以狹窄的基部着生於蕊柱基部，3裂或罕有不裂；側裂片直立並多少圍抱蕊柱；唇盤上有2-5條縱褶片或脊，後者常分裂或具附屬物；蕊柱較長，上端兩側常具翅，翅可圍繞蕊柱頂端，無蕊柱足；花葯內傾；花粉團4個，成2對，蠟質，附着於1個粘質物上；柱頭凹陷；蕊喙較大。蒴果中等大，常有棱或狹翅。

全屬約200種，分佈於亞洲熱帶和亞熱帶南緣至大洋洲。我國有26種，主要產西南、少數也見於華南。本屬曾被E. Pfitzer et Fr. Kraenzlin (Pflanzenreich IV. 50. Heft 32. 1907) 分為14個組，其中有些組的建立僅根據細微的差別，令人難以掌握。但考慮到此屬的種類很多，我國只佔一小部分，故除命名上的變動以及少數組予以歸併外，大部分均暫予保留，以待進一步研究。^[2]

下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：^[3]

Coelogyne acutilabium de Vogel
Coelogyne albobrunnea J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne albolutea Rolfe
Coelogyne anceps Hook.f.
Coelogyne asperata Lindl.
Coelogyne assamica Linden & Rchb.f.
髯毛貝母蘭 Coelogyne barbata Lindl. ex Griff.
Coelogyne beccarii Rchb.f.
Coelogyne bicamerata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne bilamellata Lindl.
Coelogyne borneensis Rolfe
Coelogyne brachygyne J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne brachyptera Rchb.f.
Coelogyne breviscapa Lindl.
Coelogyne bruneiensis de Vogel
Coelogyne buennemeyeri J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne calcarata J.J.Sm.
滇西貝母蘭 Coelogyne calcicola Kerr
Coelogyne caloglossa Schltr.
Coelogyne candoonensis Ames
Coelogyne carinata Rolfe.
Coelogyne celebensis J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne chanii Gravend. & de Vogel
Coelogyne chlorophaea Schltr.
Coelogyne chloroptera Rchb.f.
Coelogyne clemensii
Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
- Coelogyne clemensii var. angustifolia Carr
- Coelogyne clemensii var. clemensii
- Coelogyne clemensii var. longiscapa Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne compressicaulis Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne concinna Ridl.
Coelogyne confusa Ames.
Coelogyne contractipetala J.J.Sm.
眼斑貝母蘭 Coelogyne corymbosa Lindl.
Coelogyne crassiloba J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne craticulilabris Carr
貝母蘭 Coelogyne cristata Lindl.
Coelogyne cumingii Lindl.
Coelogyne cuprea
H.Wendl. & Kraenzl.
- Coelogyne cuprea var. cuprea
- Coelogyne cuprea var. planiscapa J.J.Wood & C.L.Chan
Coelogyne dichroantha Gagnep
Coelogyne distans J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne dulitensis Carr.
Coelogyne eberhardtii Gagnep
Coelogyne ecarinata C.Schweinf.
Coelogyne echinolabium de Vogel
Coelogyne elmeri Ames.
Coelogyne endertii J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne exalata Ridl.
Coelogyne filipeda Gagnep.
流蘇貝母蘭 Coelogyne fimbriata Lindl.
栗鱗貝母蘭 Coelogyne flaccida Lindl.
Coelogyne flexuosa Rolfe.
Coelogyne foerstermannii Rchb.f..
Coelogyne formosa Schltr.
芳香貝母蘭 Coelogyne fragrans Schltr.
Coelogyne fuerstenbergiana Schltr.
褐唇貝母蘭 Coelogyne fuscescens
Lindl.
- Coelogyne fuscescens var. brunnea (Lindl.) Lindl..
- Coelogyne fuscescens var. fuscescens
- Coelogyne fuscescens var. integrilabia Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler (ed.).
Coelogyne genuflexa Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
Coelogyne ghatakii T.K.Paul, S.K.Basu & M.C.Biswas
Coelogyne gibbifera J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne glandulosa
Lindl.
- Coelogyne glandulosa var. bournei S.Das & S.K.Jain
- Coelogyne glandulosa var. glandulosa
- Coelogyne glandulosa var. sathyanarayanae S.Das & S.K.Jain
貢山貝母蘭 Coelogyne gongshanensis H.Li ex S.C.Chen.
Coelogyne griffithii Hook.f.
Coelogyne guamensis Ames
Coelogyne hajrae Phukan.
Coelogyne harana J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne hirtella J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne hitendrae S.Das & S.K.Jain.
Coelogyne holochila P.F.Hunt & Summerh.
Coelogyne huettneriana Rchb.f.
Coelogyne imbricans J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne incrassata
(Blume) Lindl.
- Coelogyne incrassata var. incrassata
- Coelogyne incrassata var. sumatrana J.J.Sm.
- Coelogyne incrassata var. valida J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne integerrima Ames
Coelogyne integra Schltr.
Coelogyne judithiae P.Taylor
Coelogyne kaliana P.J.Cribb.
Coelogyne kelamensis J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne kemiriensis J.J.Sm..
Coelogyne kinabaluensis Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
Coelogyne lacinulosa J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne latiloba Vogel
勞倫斯貝母蘭 Coelogyne lawrenceana Rolfe
Coelogyne lecongkietii Vuong, Aver. & Q.T.Truong^[4]
Coelogyne lentiginosa Lindl.
白花貝母蘭 Coelogyne leucantha W.W.Sm.
Coelogyne lockii Aver.
Coelogyne loheri Rolfe
Coelogyne longiana Aver.
Coelogyne longibulbosa Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
Coelogyne longifolia (Blume) Lindl.
長柄貝母蘭 Coelogyne longipes Lindl.
Coelogyne longirachis Ames
Coelogyne longpasiaensis J.J.Wood & C.L.Chan
Coelogyne lycastoides F.Muell. & Kraenzl.
Coelogyne macdonaldii F.Muell. & Kraenzl.
華麗貝母蘭 Coelogyne magnifica Y.H. Tan, S.S. Zhou & B. Yang^[5]^[6]
Coelogyne malintangensis J.J.Sm..
麻栗坡貝母蘭 Coelogyne malipoensis Z.H.Tsi
Coelogyne marmorata Rchb.f.
Coelogyne marthae S.E.C.Sierra
Coelogyne mayeriana Rchb.f.
Coelogyne merrillii Ames
Coelogyne micrantha Lindl.
Coelogyne miniata (Blume) Lindl.
Coelogyne monilirachis Carr
Coelogyne monticola J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne mooreana Rolfe
Coelogyne mossiae Rolfe
Coelogyne motleyi Rolfe ex J.J.Wood, D.A.Clayton & C.L.Chan
Coelogyne moultonii J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne multiflora Schltr.
Coelogyne muluensis J.J.Wood
Coelogyne naja J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne nervosa A.Rich.
密莖貝母蘭 Coelogyne nitida (Wall. ex D.Don) Lindl.
Coelogyne obtusifolia Carr
卵葉貝母蘭 Coelogyne occultata
Hook.f.
- Coelogyne occultata var. occultata
- Coelogyne occultata var. uniflora N.P.Balakr.
Coelogyne odoardoi Schltr.
Coelogyne odoratissima Lindl.
長鱗貝母蘭 Coelogyne ovalis Lindl.
巴拉望貝母蘭 Coelogyne palawanensis Ames
提琴貝母蘭 Coelogyne pandurata Lindl. : Black Orchid
Coelogyne papillosa Ridl. ex Stapf.
Coelogyne parishii Hook.f.
Coelogyne peltastes Rchb.f.
Coelogyne pempahisheyana H.J.Chowdhery
Coelogyne pendula Summerh. ex Perry
Coelogyne pholidotoides J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne phuhinrongklaensis Ngerns. & Tippayasri, 2012^[7]
Coelogyne picta Schltr.
Coelogyne planiscapa
Carr.
- Coelogyne planiscapa var. grandis Carr.
- Coelogyne planiscapa var. planiscapa
Coelogyne plicatissima Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne prasina Ridl.
黃綠貝母蘭 Coelogyne prolifera Lindl.
Coelogyne pulchella Rolfe.
Coelogyne pulverula Teijsm. & Binn.
狹瓣貝母蘭 Coelogyne punctulata
Lindl.
- Coelogyne punctulata f. brevifolia (Lindl.) S.Das & S.K.Jain
- Coelogyne punctulata f. punctulata
葡萄貝母蘭 Coelogyne putaoensis X.H.Jin, L.A.Ye & Schuit., 2017^[8]
Coelogyne quadratiloba Gagnep.
Coelogyne quinquelamellata Ames
Coelogyne radicosa Ridl.
Coelogyne radioferens Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne raizadae S.K.Jain & S.Das.
Coelogyne remediosae Ames & Quisumb.
Coelogyne renae Gravend. & de Vogel.
Coelogyne rhabdobulbon Schltr.
挺莖貝母蘭 Coelogyne rigida C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.
Coelogyne rigidiformis Ames & C.Schweinf.
Coelogyne rochussenii de Vriese
Coelogyne rumphii Lindl.
Coelogyne rupicola Carr.
Coelogyne salmonicolor Rchb.f.
撕裂貝母蘭 Coelogyne sanderae Kraenzl. ex O'Brien
Coelogyne sanderiana Rchb.f.
Coelogyne schilleriana Rchb.f. & K.Koch.
疣鞘貝母蘭 Coelogyne schultesii S.K.Jain & S.Das.
Coelogyne septemcostata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne sondangii Vuong, Aver. & V.H.Bui^[9]
Coelogyne sparsa Rchb.f.
Coelogyne speciosa
(Blume) Lindl.
- Coelogyne speciosa subsp. fimbriata (J.J.Sm.) Gravend.
- Coelogyne speciosa subsp. incarnata Gravend.
- Coelogyne speciosa subsp. speciosa
Coelogyne squamulosa J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne steenisii J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne stenobulbum Schltr.
Coelogyne stenochila Hook.f.
雙褶貝母蘭 Coelogyne stricta (D.Don) Schltr.
疏莖貝母蘭 Coelogyne suaveolens (Lindl.) Hook.f.
Coelogyne susanae P.J.Cribb & B.A.Lewis
斯瓦比亞貝母蘭 Coelogyne swaniana Rolfe
高山貝母蘭 Coelogyne taronensis Hand.-Mazz., 1922
Coelogyne tenasserimensis Seidenf.
Coelogyne tenompokensis Carr.
Coelogyne tenuis Rolfe
Coelogyne testacea Lindl.
Coelogyne tiomanensis M.R.Hend.
Coelogyne tomentosa Lindl. : Necklace Orchid
Coelogyne tommii Gravend. & P.O'Byrne
Coelogyne trilobulata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne trinervis Lindl.
Coelogyne triplicatula Rchb.f.
Coelogyne triuncialis P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
Coelogyne tumida J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne undatialata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne usitana Roeth & O.Gruss.
Coelogyne ustulata C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.
Coelogyne vanoverberghii Ames
Coelogyne veitchii Rolfe
Coelogyne velutina de Vogel
多花貝母蘭 Coelogyne venusta Rolfe
Coelogyne ventrinigra de Vogel, Suksathan & Boonnuang^[10]
Coelogyne vermicularis J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne verrucosa S.E.C.Sierra
Coelogyne victoria-reginae Q.Liu & S.S.Zhou^[11]
Coelogyne virescens Rolfe
禾葉貝母蘭 Coelogyne viscosa Rchb.f.
維西貝母蘭 Coelogyne weixiensis X.H.Jin (2005)
Coelogyne xyrekes Ridl.
Coelogyne yiii Schuit. & de Vogel
鎮康貝母蘭 Coelogyne zhenkangensis S.C.Chen & K.Y.Lang
Coelogyne zurowetzii Carr

栽培種：

'韋斯特伯爾特' 摩爾貝母蘭 Coelogyne mooreana 'Westonbirt'

參考文獻

^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-01]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.
^ 中国植物志，第十八卷，贝母兰属. 中國植物物種信息數據庫. [2019-08-29]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-20）.
^ Coelogyne Lindl.. GBIF. [2023-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2023-02-18）.
^ Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Minh Quan Dang, Van Son Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen, Van Canh Nguyen, Quang Tam Truong and Ba Vuong Truong. 2023. A New Orchid Species, Coelogyne lecongkietii (C. sect. Panisea) from Da Lat Plateau, southern Vietnam. Kew Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10078-z, http://facebook.com/BaVuong20199
^ 华丽贝母兰(Coelogyne magnifica), 东南亚中心发现缅北贝母兰属一新种. NSII. [2023-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2023-02-18）.
^ Bin Yang, Shi-Shun Zhou, Qiang Liu, Kyaw Win Maung, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Yun-Hong Tan. 2017. Coelogyne magnifica (Orchidaceae), A New Species from northern Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 88: 109-117. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.88.19861
^ P. TIPPAYASRI & C. NGERNSAENGSARUAY. 2012. Coelogyne phuhinrongklaensis (Orchidaceae), a new species for Thailand. THAI FOR. BULL. (BOT.) 40: 125–129. 2012.
^ 贝母兰属一新种——葡萄贝母兰. 廣西藥用植物園. [2023-08-11].
^ Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Van Huong Bui, Van Canh Nguyen, Minh Quan Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen and Ba Vuong Truong. 2022. New Species, Coelogyne sondangii (Orchidaceae), and A New National Record, C. moi, in Vietnam. Phytotaxa. 559(2); 200-206. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.559.2.9
^ Ed de Vogle, Piyakaset Suksathan, Thitiporn Pingyot, Hassachai Boonuang and Santi Watthana. 2016. Coelogyne ventrinigra (Orchidaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Thai For. Bull. 44(1); 49-52.
^ Shi-Shun Zhou, Yun-Hong Tan, Xiao-Hua Jin, Kyaw Win Maung, Myint Zyaw, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Qiang Liu. 2018. Coelogyne victoria-reginae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Arethuseae), A New Species from Chin State, Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 98: 125-133. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.98.23298

[1] 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-01]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.

[2] 中国植物志，第十八卷，贝母兰属. 中國植物物種信息數據庫. [2019-08-29]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-20）.

[3] Coelogyne Lindl.. GBIF. [2023-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2023-02-18）.

[4] Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Minh Quan Dang, Van Son Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen, Van Canh Nguyen, Quang Tam Truong and Ba Vuong Truong. 2023. A New Orchid Species, Coelogyne lecongkietii (C. sect. Panisea) from Da Lat Plateau, southern Vietnam. Kew Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10078-z, http://facebook.com/BaVuong20199

[5] 华丽贝母兰(Coelogyne magnifica), 东南亚中心发现缅北贝母兰属一新种. NSII. [2023-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2023-02-18）.

[6] Bin Yang, Shi-Shun Zhou, Qiang Liu, Kyaw Win Maung, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Yun-Hong Tan. 2017. Coelogyne magnifica (Orchidaceae), A New Species from northern Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 88: 109-117. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.88.19861

[7] P. TIPPAYASRI & C. NGERNSAENGSARUAY. 2012. Coelogyne phuhinrongklaensis (Orchidaceae), a new species for Thailand. THAI FOR. BULL. (BOT.) 40: 125–129. 2012.

[8] 贝母兰属一新种——葡萄贝母兰. 廣西藥用植物園. [2023-08-11].

[9] Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Van Huong Bui, Van Canh Nguyen, Minh Quan Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen and Ba Vuong Truong. 2022. New Species, Coelogyne sondangii (Orchidaceae), and A New National Record, C. moi, in Vietnam. Phytotaxa. 559(2); 200-206. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.559.2.9

[10] Ed de Vogle, Piyakaset Suksathan, Thitiporn Pingyot, Hassachai Boonuang and Santi Watthana. 2016. Coelogyne ventrinigra (Orchidaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Thai For. Bull. 44(1); 49-52.

[11] Shi-Shun Zhou, Yun-Hong Tan, Xiao-Hua Jin, Kyaw Win Maung, Myint Zyaw, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Qiang Liu. 2018. Coelogyne victoria-reginae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Arethuseae), A New Species from Chin State, Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 98: 125-133. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.98.23298

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