贝母兰属

贝母兰属
	Coelogyne cristata
科学分类
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	单子叶植物 Monocots
目：	天门冬目 Asparagales
科：	兰科 Orchidaceae
亚科：	树兰亚科 Epidendroideae
族：	龙嘴兰族 Arethuseae
亚族：	贝母兰亚族 Coelogyninae
属：	贝母兰属 Coelogyne; Lindl., 1824

贝母兰属（学名：Coelogyne）是兰科下的一个属，为附生兰或陆生兰。该属共有近200种，分布于热带亚洲至大洋洲。^[1]

特征

附生草本。根状茎常延长，匍匐或多少悬垂，通常具较密生的节，节上被鳞片状鞘。假鳞茎常较粗厚，以一定距离着生于根状茎上，基部常被箨状鞘，顶端生 (1-) 2枚叶。叶通常长圆形至椭圆状披针形，一般质地较厚，基部具柄。花葶生于假鳞茎顶端，常与幼叶同时出现于幼嫩假鳞茎顶端，初时发自近老假鳞茎基部的根状茎上，有时在花葶基部或上部近花序轴处具多枚二列套叠的、宿存的革质颖片；总状花序直立或俯垂，通常具数朵花，较少超过20朵或减退为单花的；花苞片常较大，近舟状，对折，脱落；花较大或中等大，常白色或绿黄色，唇瓣多有斑纹；萼片相似，有时背面有龙骨状突起；花瓣常为线形，较少与萼片近等宽；唇瓣常以狭窄的基部着生于蕊柱基部，3裂或罕有不裂；侧裂片直立并多少围抱蕊柱；唇盘上有2-5条纵褶片或脊，后者常分裂或具附属物；蕊柱较长，上端两侧常具翅，翅可围绕蕊柱顶端，无蕊柱足；花药内倾；花粉团4个，成2对，蜡质，附着于1个粘质物上；柱头凹陷；蕊喙较大。蒴果中等大，常有棱或狭翅。

全属约200种，分布于亚洲热带和亚热带南缘至大洋洲。我国有26种，主要产西南、少数也见于华南。本属曾被E. Pfitzer et Fr. Kraenzlin (Pflanzenreich IV. 50. Heft 32. 1907) 分为14个组，其中有些组的建立仅根据细微的差别，令人难以掌握。但考虑到此属的种类很多，我国只占一小部分，故除命名上的变动以及少数组予以归并外，大部分均暂予保留，以待进一步研究。^[2]

下属物种

本属包括以下物种：^[3]

Coelogyne acutilabium de Vogel
Coelogyne albobrunnea J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne albolutea Rolfe
Coelogyne anceps Hook.f.
Coelogyne asperata Lindl.
Coelogyne assamica Linden & Rchb.f.
髯毛贝母兰 Coelogyne barbata Lindl. ex Griff.
Coelogyne beccarii Rchb.f.
Coelogyne bicamerata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne bilamellata Lindl.
Coelogyne borneensis Rolfe
Coelogyne brachygyne J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne brachyptera Rchb.f.
Coelogyne breviscapa Lindl.
Coelogyne bruneiensis de Vogel
Coelogyne buennemeyeri J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne calcarata J.J.Sm.
滇西贝母兰 Coelogyne calcicola Kerr
Coelogyne caloglossa Schltr.
Coelogyne candoonensis Ames
Coelogyne carinata Rolfe.
Coelogyne celebensis J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne chanii Gravend. & de Vogel
Coelogyne chlorophaea Schltr.
Coelogyne chloroptera Rchb.f.
Coelogyne clemensii
Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
- Coelogyne clemensii var. angustifolia Carr
- Coelogyne clemensii var. clemensii
- Coelogyne clemensii var. longiscapa Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne compressicaulis Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne concinna Ridl.
Coelogyne confusa Ames.
Coelogyne contractipetala J.J.Sm.
眼斑贝母兰 Coelogyne corymbosa Lindl.
Coelogyne crassiloba J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne craticulilabris Carr
贝母兰 Coelogyne cristata Lindl.
Coelogyne cumingii Lindl.
Coelogyne cuprea
H.Wendl. & Kraenzl.
- Coelogyne cuprea var. cuprea
- Coelogyne cuprea var. planiscapa J.J.Wood & C.L.Chan
Coelogyne dichroantha Gagnep
Coelogyne distans J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne dulitensis Carr.
Coelogyne eberhardtii Gagnep
Coelogyne ecarinata C.Schweinf.
Coelogyne echinolabium de Vogel
Coelogyne elmeri Ames.
Coelogyne endertii J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne exalata Ridl.
Coelogyne filipeda Gagnep.
流苏贝母兰 Coelogyne fimbriata Lindl.
栗鳞贝母兰 Coelogyne flaccida Lindl.
Coelogyne flexuosa Rolfe.
Coelogyne foerstermannii Rchb.f..
Coelogyne formosa Schltr.
芳香贝母兰 Coelogyne fragrans Schltr.
Coelogyne fuerstenbergiana Schltr.
褐唇贝母兰 Coelogyne fuscescens
Lindl.
- Coelogyne fuscescens var. brunnea (Lindl.) Lindl..
- Coelogyne fuscescens var. fuscescens
- Coelogyne fuscescens var. integrilabia Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler (ed.).
Coelogyne genuflexa Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
Coelogyne ghatakii T.K.Paul, S.K.Basu & M.C.Biswas
Coelogyne gibbifera J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne glandulosa
Lindl.
- Coelogyne glandulosa var. bournei S.Das & S.K.Jain
- Coelogyne glandulosa var. glandulosa
- Coelogyne glandulosa var. sathyanarayanae S.Das & S.K.Jain
贡山贝母兰 Coelogyne gongshanensis H.Li ex S.C.Chen.
Coelogyne griffithii Hook.f.
Coelogyne guamensis Ames
Coelogyne hajrae Phukan.
Coelogyne harana J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne hirtella J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne hitendrae S.Das & S.K.Jain.
Coelogyne holochila P.F.Hunt & Summerh.
Coelogyne huettneriana Rchb.f.
Coelogyne imbricans J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne incrassata
(Blume) Lindl.
- Coelogyne incrassata var. incrassata
- Coelogyne incrassata var. sumatrana J.J.Sm.
- Coelogyne incrassata var. valida J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne integerrima Ames
Coelogyne integra Schltr.
Coelogyne judithiae P.Taylor
Coelogyne kaliana P.J.Cribb.
Coelogyne kelamensis J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne kemiriensis J.J.Sm..
Coelogyne kinabaluensis Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
Coelogyne lacinulosa J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne latiloba Vogel
劳伦斯贝母兰 Coelogyne lawrenceana Rolfe
Coelogyne lecongkietii Vuong, Aver. & Q.T.Truong^[4]
Coelogyne lentiginosa Lindl.
白花贝母兰 Coelogyne leucantha W.W.Sm.
Coelogyne lockii Aver.
Coelogyne loheri Rolfe
Coelogyne longiana Aver.
Coelogyne longibulbosa Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames.
Coelogyne longifolia (Blume) Lindl.
长柄贝母兰 Coelogyne longipes Lindl.
Coelogyne longirachis Ames
Coelogyne longpasiaensis J.J.Wood & C.L.Chan
Coelogyne lycastoides F.Muell. & Kraenzl.
Coelogyne macdonaldii F.Muell. & Kraenzl.
华丽贝母兰 Coelogyne magnifica Y.H. Tan, S.S. Zhou & B. Yang^[5]^[6]
Coelogyne malintangensis J.J.Sm..
麻栗坡贝母兰 Coelogyne malipoensis Z.H.Tsi
Coelogyne marmorata Rchb.f.
Coelogyne marthae S.E.C.Sierra
Coelogyne mayeriana Rchb.f.
Coelogyne merrillii Ames
Coelogyne micrantha Lindl.
Coelogyne miniata (Blume) Lindl.
Coelogyne monilirachis Carr
Coelogyne monticola J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne mooreana Rolfe
Coelogyne mossiae Rolfe
Coelogyne motleyi Rolfe ex J.J.Wood, D.A.Clayton & C.L.Chan
Coelogyne moultonii J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne multiflora Schltr.
Coelogyne muluensis J.J.Wood
Coelogyne naja J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne nervosa A.Rich.
密茎贝母兰 Coelogyne nitida (Wall. ex D.Don) Lindl.
Coelogyne obtusifolia Carr
卵叶贝母兰 Coelogyne occultata
Hook.f.
- Coelogyne occultata var. occultata
- Coelogyne occultata var. uniflora N.P.Balakr.
Coelogyne odoardoi Schltr.
Coelogyne odoratissima Lindl.
长鳞贝母兰 Coelogyne ovalis Lindl.
巴拉望贝母兰 Coelogyne palawanensis Ames
提琴贝母兰 Coelogyne pandurata Lindl. : Black Orchid
Coelogyne papillosa Ridl. ex Stapf.
Coelogyne parishii Hook.f.
Coelogyne peltastes Rchb.f.
Coelogyne pempahisheyana H.J.Chowdhery
Coelogyne pendula Summerh. ex Perry
Coelogyne pholidotoides J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne phuhinrongklaensis Ngerns. & Tippayasri, 2012^[7]
Coelogyne picta Schltr.
Coelogyne planiscapa
Carr.
- Coelogyne planiscapa var. grandis Carr.
- Coelogyne planiscapa var. planiscapa
Coelogyne plicatissima Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne prasina Ridl.
黄绿贝母兰 Coelogyne prolifera Lindl.
Coelogyne pulchella Rolfe.
Coelogyne pulverula Teijsm. & Binn.
狭瓣贝母兰 Coelogyne punctulata
Lindl.
- Coelogyne punctulata f. brevifolia (Lindl.) S.Das & S.K.Jain
- Coelogyne punctulata f. punctulata
葡萄贝母兰 Coelogyne putaoensis X.H.Jin, L.A.Ye & Schuit., 2017^[8]
Coelogyne quadratiloba Gagnep.
Coelogyne quinquelamellata Ames
Coelogyne radicosa Ridl.
Coelogyne radioferens Ames & C.Schweinf. in O.Ames
Coelogyne raizadae S.K.Jain & S.Das.
Coelogyne remediosae Ames & Quisumb.
Coelogyne renae Gravend. & de Vogel.
Coelogyne rhabdobulbon Schltr.
挺茎贝母兰 Coelogyne rigida C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.
Coelogyne rigidiformis Ames & C.Schweinf.
Coelogyne rochussenii de Vriese
Coelogyne rumphii Lindl.
Coelogyne rupicola Carr.
Coelogyne salmonicolor Rchb.f.
撕裂贝母兰 Coelogyne sanderae Kraenzl. ex O'Brien
Coelogyne sanderiana Rchb.f.
Coelogyne schilleriana Rchb.f. & K.Koch.
疣鞘贝母兰 Coelogyne schultesii S.K.Jain & S.Das.
Coelogyne septemcostata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne sondangii Vuong, Aver. & V.H.Bui^[9]
Coelogyne sparsa Rchb.f.
Coelogyne speciosa
(Blume) Lindl.
- Coelogyne speciosa subsp. fimbriata (J.J.Sm.) Gravend.
- Coelogyne speciosa subsp. incarnata Gravend.
- Coelogyne speciosa subsp. speciosa
Coelogyne squamulosa J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne steenisii J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne stenobulbum Schltr.
Coelogyne stenochila Hook.f.
双褶贝母兰 Coelogyne stricta (D.Don) Schltr.
疏茎贝母兰 Coelogyne suaveolens (Lindl.) Hook.f.
Coelogyne susanae P.J.Cribb & B.A.Lewis
斯瓦比亚贝母兰 Coelogyne swaniana Rolfe
高山贝母兰 Coelogyne taronensis Hand.-Mazz., 1922
Coelogyne tenasserimensis Seidenf.
Coelogyne tenompokensis Carr.
Coelogyne tenuis Rolfe
Coelogyne testacea Lindl.
Coelogyne tiomanensis M.R.Hend.
Coelogyne tomentosa Lindl. : Necklace Orchid
Coelogyne tommii Gravend. & P.O'Byrne
Coelogyne trilobulata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne trinervis Lindl.
Coelogyne triplicatula Rchb.f.
Coelogyne triuncialis P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
Coelogyne tumida J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne undatialata J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne usitana Roeth & O.Gruss.
Coelogyne ustulata C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.
Coelogyne vanoverberghii Ames
Coelogyne veitchii Rolfe
Coelogyne velutina de Vogel
多花贝母兰 Coelogyne venusta Rolfe
Coelogyne ventrinigra de Vogel, Suksathan & Boonnuang^[10]
Coelogyne vermicularis J.J.Sm.
Coelogyne verrucosa S.E.C.Sierra
Coelogyne victoria-reginae Q.Liu & S.S.Zhou^[11]
Coelogyne virescens Rolfe
禾叶贝母兰 Coelogyne viscosa Rchb.f.
维西贝母兰 Coelogyne weixiensis X.H.Jin (2005)
Coelogyne xyrekes Ridl.
Coelogyne yiii Schuit. & de Vogel
镇康贝母兰 Coelogyne zhenkangensis S.C.Chen & K.Y.Lang
Coelogyne zurowetzii Carr

栽培种：

'韦斯特伯尔特' 摩尔贝母兰 Coelogyne mooreana 'Westonbirt'

参考文献

^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.
^ 中国植物志，第十八卷，贝母兰属. 中国植物物种信息数据库. [2019-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-20）.
^ Coelogyne Lindl.. GBIF. [2023-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.
^ Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Minh Quan Dang, Van Son Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen, Van Canh Nguyen, Quang Tam Truong and Ba Vuong Truong. 2023. A New Orchid Species, Coelogyne lecongkietii (C. sect. Panisea) from Da Lat Plateau, southern Vietnam. Kew Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10078-z, http://facebook.com/BaVuong20199
^ 华丽贝母兰(Coelogyne magnifica), 东南亚中心发现缅北贝母兰属一新种. NSII. [2023-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.
^ Bin Yang, Shi-Shun Zhou, Qiang Liu, Kyaw Win Maung, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Yun-Hong Tan. 2017. Coelogyne magnifica (Orchidaceae), A New Species from northern Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 88: 109-117. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.88.19861
^ P. TIPPAYASRI & C. NGERNSAENGSARUAY. 2012. Coelogyne phuhinrongklaensis (Orchidaceae), a new species for Thailand. THAI FOR. BULL. (BOT.) 40: 125–129. 2012.
^ 贝母兰属一新种——葡萄贝母兰. 广西药用植物园. [2023-08-11].
^ Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Van Huong Bui, Van Canh Nguyen, Minh Quan Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen and Ba Vuong Truong. 2022. New Species, Coelogyne sondangii (Orchidaceae), and A New National Record, C. moi, in Vietnam. Phytotaxa. 559(2); 200-206. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.559.2.9
^ Ed de Vogle, Piyakaset Suksathan, Thitiporn Pingyot, Hassachai Boonuang and Santi Watthana. 2016. Coelogyne ventrinigra (Orchidaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Thai For. Bull. 44(1); 49-52.
^ Shi-Shun Zhou, Yun-Hong Tan, Xiao-Hua Jin, Kyaw Win Maung, Myint Zyaw, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Qiang Liu. 2018. Coelogyne victoria-reginae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Arethuseae), A New Species from Chin State, Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 98: 125-133. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.98.23298

[1] 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-01]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.

[2] 中国植物志，第十八卷，贝母兰属. 中国植物物种信息数据库. [2019-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-20）.

[3] Coelogyne Lindl.. GBIF. [2023-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.

[4] Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Minh Quan Dang, Van Son Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen, Van Canh Nguyen, Quang Tam Truong and Ba Vuong Truong. 2023. A New Orchid Species, Coelogyne lecongkietii (C. sect. Panisea) from Da Lat Plateau, southern Vietnam. Kew Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-023-10078-z, http://facebook.com/BaVuong20199

[5] 华丽贝母兰(Coelogyne magnifica), 东南亚中心发现缅北贝母兰属一新种. NSII. [2023-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.

[6] Bin Yang, Shi-Shun Zhou, Qiang Liu, Kyaw Win Maung, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Yun-Hong Tan. 2017. Coelogyne magnifica (Orchidaceae), A New Species from northern Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 88: 109-117. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.88.19861

[7] P. TIPPAYASRI & C. NGERNSAENGSARUAY. 2012. Coelogyne phuhinrongklaensis (Orchidaceae), a new species for Thailand. THAI FOR. BULL. (BOT.) 40: 125–129. 2012.

[8] 贝母兰属一新种——葡萄贝母兰. 广西药用植物园. [2023-08-11].

[9] Doan Trung Vo, Leonid V. Averyanov, Tatiana V. Maisak, Van Huong Bui, Van Canh Nguyen, Minh Quan Dang, Quoc Bao Nguyen and Ba Vuong Truong. 2022. New Species, Coelogyne sondangii (Orchidaceae), and A New National Record, C. moi, in Vietnam. Phytotaxa. 559(2); 200-206. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.559.2.9

[10] Ed de Vogle, Piyakaset Suksathan, Thitiporn Pingyot, Hassachai Boonuang and Santi Watthana. 2016. Coelogyne ventrinigra (Orchidaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Thai For. Bull. 44(1); 49-52.

[11] Shi-Shun Zhou, Yun-Hong Tan, Xiao-Hua Jin, Kyaw Win Maung, Myint Zyaw, Ren Li, Rui-Chang Quan and Qiang Liu. 2018. Coelogyne victoria-reginae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Arethuseae), A New Species from Chin State, Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 98: 125-133. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.98.23298

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